Quantum simulation using optical lattices

我们的目标是在光学晶格中设计超冷原子和分子的特性，因此使用这些精确控制的多体系统来模拟凝聚态物理（CMP）中重要的强相关系统。因此，光学晶格实验的功能类似于模拟量子计算机，并允许探索CMP系统本身无法实现的物理机制。最终的愿景是为强相关系统的直接量子模拟（DQS）开发一个完整的方法“工具箱”。目前对这种强大的跨学科方法的兴趣，部分是由该合作组织的成员所进行的工作所激发的。例如，布洛赫教授在光学晶格中超流体到莫特绝缘体跃迁的首次实验观察中发挥了主导作用，这是在此类系统中模拟CMP的一个主要例子。这是Jaksch博士（在因斯布鲁克与Zoller教授一起工作时）从理论上预测的。这些想法最近在佛罗伦萨被扩展到控制光学晶格的无序，以及玻色玻璃相的生产。这项合作将促进进一步的工作和理论与实验之间的合作。Fort博士将继续对无序进行开创性的研究，使用玻色子和费米子，并包括时间依赖的研究。Foot教授的团队（牛津大学）将创建一个旋转光学晶格来模拟磁场对类似凝聚态系统的应用，并测试Jaksch博士对高场分数量子霍尔效应的预测。布洛赫教授在美因茨的团队将在光学晶格中创造异核偶极分子，并利用它们的强静电相互作用来实现自旋系统的DQS。牛津大学的Jaksch博士和因斯布鲁克的Daley博士的理论小组将使用最先进的技术来模拟实验系统，例如研究时间相关的传输现象和通过控制噪声添加来制备专门的多体态的方法。

Our aim is to engineer the properties of ultracold atoms, and molecules, in optical lattices and so use these precisely controlled many-body systems to model important strongly-correlated systems from Condensed Matter Physics (CMP). Optical-lattice experiments thus function as analogue quantum computers, and allow exploration of physical regimes inaccessible in CMP systems themselves. The ultimate vision is to develop a complete 'toolbox' of methods for the direct quantum simulation (DQS) of strongly-correlated systems. The intense current interest in this powerful interdisciplinary approach to fundamental quantum many-body problems has been stimulated, in part, by work carried out by members of this Collaboration. For example, Professor Bloch played a leading role in the first experimental observation of the superfluid to Mott Insulator transition in an optical lattice, a prime example of modelling CMP in such systems. This was predicted theoretically by Dr Jaksch (while working with Professor Zoller in Innsbruck). These ideas were recently extended in Florence to controlled disorder in optical lattices, and production of a Bose glass phase.This Collaboration will stimulate further work and collaborations between theory and experiment. The ground-breaking work on disorder will be continued by Dr Fort, using both bosons and fermions, and including time-dependent studies. Professor Foot's team (Oxford) will create a rotating optical lattice to simulate the application of a magnetic field to the analogous Condensed Matter system, and test predictions of Dr Jaksch on the high-field Fractional Quantum Hall effect. Professor Bloch's group in Mainz will create heteronuclear dipolar molecules in an optical lattice and exploit their strong electrostatic interactions for DQS of spin systems. The theory groups of Dr Jaksch in Oxford and Dr Daley in Innsbruck, will use state-of-the-art techniques to model the experimental systems, e.g. studying time-dependent transport phenomena and methods for preparing specialised many-body states via controlled addition of noise.