The flight of wind borne debris / an experimental, analytical and numerical investigation

2004年3月下旬发生的风暴（相对较短的一到两年的回复期）清楚地说明了城市地区对风力造成的破坏的脆弱性。在各个城市，大量的树木和广告广告牌都失败了，导致英国铁路和公路网大面积中断。在这些风暴中，由于大型街道设施/树木的损坏和地面上未固定的物品被提升到空中，风携带的碎片造成了严重的破坏和破坏。例如，在莱斯特，一人因风吹来的碎片而死亡，在萨福克郡洛韦斯特夫附近的布伦德斯顿，两人直接因被一棵树的部分击中而死亡（BBC, 2004b）。不幸的是，这些事件并不罕见。例如，2000年10月早些时候的风暴，返回时间大致相同，造成几人死亡，两人严重受伤。在最近的伯明翰龙卷风中，许多建筑物遭到破坏，许多人受伤，都是由于碎片飞扬造成的。即使在轻微的风暴中，风吹来的碎片也可能是一个严重的问题。该项目旨在对在空中飞行的碎片进行一系列测量。从这些试验中获得的数据将用于改进和开发对设计人员有用的数值模型。

The storms that occurred in late March 2004 (with a relatively short return period of one or two years) clearly illustrate the vulnerability of urban areas to wind induced damaged. In various urban conurbations numerous trees and advertising hoardings failed, causing widespread disruption to the UK rail and road network. The wind borne debris present in these storms, due to both the failure of large items of street furniture/trees and unsecured items on the ground being lifted into the air, caused serious damage and destruction. For example, one person was killed as a result of wind-borne debris in Leicester and two died as a direct result of being hit by parts of a tree in Blundeston, near Lowestoft in Suffolk (BBC, 2004b). Unfortunately these events are not uncommon. For example as a result of the earlier storms of October 2000, with roughly the same return period, several people died and two were seriously injured. In the recent Birmingham Tornado much of the damage to buildings, and many of the injuries to people, occurred because of flying debris. Even in minor wind storms wind-borne debris can be a significant problem.This project aims to undertake a series of measurements on instrumented items of debris as they fly through the air. The data obtained from these tests will be used to improve and develop numerical models which will be of use to designers.