Sleep Problems and Substance Use/Abuse in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

描述(申请人提供)：这项拟议的研究项目是PI的第一份R21意见书。该项目旨在阐明睡眠问题(SP)与青春期和青春期药物使用/问题之间的关系。对成年人的研究表明，失眠预示着随后会出现药物滥用。一些横断面研究表明，SPS与青春期的物质使用呈正相关。然而，关于失眠和生命早期饮酒之间的关系的前瞻性研究很少。到目前为止，数据表明SPS与男孩开始使用药物有关，但在女孩中没有。作为对PA-06-238的回应，目前的提案寻求资金，以支持密歇根州纵向研究(MLS)的二级数据分析。该项目有四个具体目标。首先，我们研究了早期睡眠问题是否预示着青春期和青春期开始使用药物。其次，我们测试了早期的睡眠问题是否预示着一旦发病，药物使用和滥用的升级。第三，我们研究了睡眠问题和物质使用之间关系的潜在中介因素。将检查三个中介因素--行为问题、同龄人选择和神经生理唤醒。第四，我们评估了感知压力如何调节睡眠问题和物质使用之间的关系。我们特别感兴趣的是与这四个目标有关的可能的性别差异。密歇根纵向研究是一项正在进行的家庭研究，目前已进入第19个年头。这项研究招募了酗酒者和对照家庭的社区样本。这些家庭的男性和女性子女从学龄前(3-5岁)到成年后(18-21岁)每隔3年接受一次访谈。从11岁到17岁的参与者每年都会接受采访。每一波都收集了关于SPS和所有其他变量的信息。关于物质使用的数据是从参与者9岁开始收集的。这个项目有可能记录另一种更接近生理的机制，与那些已知的在物质使用和问题的出现中起核心作用的情感和行为指标有关。这是此类研究的第一项工作，如果成功，将导致对睡眠问题对物质使用和影响调节的影响进行更详细的研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposed research project is the PI's first R21 submission. The project aims at articulating the relationship between sleep problems (SPs) and substance use/ problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Research in adults indicates that insomnia predicts subsequent onset of substance abuse. Several cross-sectional studies suggest that SPs are positively related to substance use in adolescence. However, only a few prospective studies exist on the relationship between insomnia and alcohol use earlier in life. So far the data indicate SPs are related to onset of substance use in boys but not in girls. In response to PA-06-238, the current proposal seeks funding to support secondary data analysis from the Michigan Longitudinal Study (MLS). The project has four specific aims. First, we examine whether earlier sleep problems prospectively predict onset of substance use in adolescence and young adulthood. Second, we test whether earlier sleep problems prospectively predict escalation in substance use and abuse once onset begins. Third, we examine potential mediators of the relationship between sleep problems and substance use. Three mediators will be examined - behavioral problems, peer group choices, and neurophysiological arousal. Fourth, we evaluate how perceived stress may moderate the relationships between sleep problems and substance use. We are especially interested in possible gender differences related to these four aims. The Michigan Longitudinal Study is an ongoing family study currently in its 19th year. The study recruited a community sample of alcoholic and control families. Male and female offspring of these families have been interviewed from preschool age (3-5 years old) to young adulthood (18-21 years old) at 3-year intervals. Participants were also interviewed at yearly intervals from ages 11 to 17. Information regarding SPs and all other variables was collected at each wave. Data on substance use were gathered from the participants beginning at age 9. This project has the potential to document another, more physiologically proximal mechanism related to those affect and behavioral indicators already known to be central in the emergence of substance use and problems. This is the first work of its kind, and if successful, would lead to more elaborated studies on the effects of sleep problems on substance use and affect regulation.