Spatial Statistics for Alcohol Epidemiology

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出了一个跨学科的研究计划，解决空间分析方法在分析现有的酒精流行病学数据集从休斯顿和奥斯汀，得克萨斯州，萨克拉门托，加州。该项目通过一个预防科学家和空间统计学家小组，为这一领域的长期研究合作奠定了基础。具体目标涉及三个方法目标：1。定义和应用具有空间相关性的分层广义线性模型。我们将开发和应用具有相关误差的线性、二项式和泊松回归模型，以模拟数据集中计数和速率的空间模式。特别的努力包括在各种空间尺度上估计当地酒精出口密度，非法药物使用和暴力结果之间的关联。2.定义和应用酒精流行病学的可变系数模型。我们建议开发和比较的统计方法与位置的风险因素的相互作用，协会在整个研究领域的变化。应用包括估计当地的变化之间的关联酒精在整个研究领域。应用程序包括估计当地的变化之间的关联酒精出口密度，非法药物的使用和暴力收入的例子数据集。3.定义并应用网络上位置分布的空间分析方法。我们将开发和应用“网络空间”的分析方法，其中距离是通过网络旅行而不是直线来定义的。这项工作将地理信息系统（GIS）与空间统计以新的和非标准的方式联系起来，并使新的量化空间模式的酒精出口和这些模式之间的关联和奥斯汀数据中的犯罪活动模式。 摘要我们的具体目标解决三个领域的方法发展，但每个提供的工具，解决特定的假设，酒精流行病学。这些方法能够调查具体问题，从“出口密度是否影响暴力率？“到“不同人口群体的暴露和/或健康风险是否存在差异？“在地理范围内。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose an interdisciplinary research program addressing spatial analytic methods in the analysis of existing alcohol epidemiology data sets from Houston and Austin, Texas, and Sacramento, California. The project builds the foundation for long-term research collaborations in this area via a team of prevention scientists and spatial statisticians. The Specific Aims involve three methodological goals: 1. Define and apply hierarchical generalized linear models with spatial correlation. We will develop and apply linear, binomial, and Poisson regression models with correlated errors to model spatial patterns in counts and rates in the data sets. Particular efforts include estimation of associations between local alcohol outlet density, illegal drug use and violent outcomes across a variety of spatial scales. 2. Define and apply variable coefficient models for alcohol epidemiology. We propose development and comparison of statistical methods with location-by-risk factor interactions where associations vary across the study area. Applications include estimation of local variations in association between alcohol across the study area. Applications include estimation of local variations in association between alcohol outlet density, illegal drug use and violent incomes in the example data sets. 3. Define and apply methods for the spatial analysis of location distributions on a network. We will develop and apply analytic approaches on "network space" where distances are defined via network travel rather than straight lines. This work links geographic information systems (GISs) with spatial statistics in new and non-standard ways and enables novel quantification of spatial patterns of alcohol outlets and the associations between these patterns and patterns of criminal activity in the Austin data. Summary. Our specific aims address three areas of methodological development but each provides tools addressing specific hypotheses in alcohol epidemiology. The methods enable investigation of specific questions ranging from "Do outlet densities affect violence rates?" to "Are there disparities in exposures and/or health risks for different demographic groups?" within a geographic context.