Ubiquitous Mobile Multimedia for Environmental Public Health Outreach and Social

描述(由申请人提供)：项目摘要：大多数成年人使用互联网搜索健康信息，其中一半是针对搜索者的朋友或家人的。不幸的是，互联网的接入因社会经济地位的不同而不同，因此出现了量化良好的“数字鸿沟”：2008年，65%的美国白人成年人在网上搜索健康信息，相比之下，非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人的这一比例分别为51%和44%。另一种传达可视内容(如图片、动画和视频)的机制是无处不在的手机，接入互联网较少的人口往往更频繁地使用移动多媒体：54%的成年白人使用手机上的多媒体消息，相比之下，56%的非裔美国人和76%的西班牙裔美国人使用多媒体消息。朋友和家人之间的多媒体消息是手机上增长最快的数据服务，也是第二大被调用的服务(文本消息是第一)，但由于包括教学设计限制和缺乏设备和无线运营商互操作性在内的技术障碍，它没有被用作传递健康信息的通信媒介。建议的第一阶段工作将研究利用流动多媒体进行健康外展的可行性、多媒体讯息对健康外展使用者的吸引力，以及其在促进社会团体分享健康外展资讯方面的成效。这项努力的重点是多媒体消息传递与传统的基于网络的推广之间的差异，包括移动设备的个人性质、用户对推送内容的接受程度，以及基于网络的推广计划的成本，该计划旨在改变内容的用途并保持无线选择加入注册。这项工作还将调查外展接受者通过点对点转发彩信和在社交网站(如推特和脸书)上张贴彩信来传播卫生外展的潜力。公共卫生推广计划向任何(选择加入的)手机发送多媒体的能力，以及任何用户从任何手机在社交网络网站上发布多媒体内容的能力，都需要针对目前缺乏互操作性的技术解决方案。为了在第一阶段的实施期内进行实地测试，拟议的工作建立在两个正在进行的项目的基础上：新泽西医学和牙科大学的社区外联和教育核心(COEC)和CELL平台的紧急事件即时培训系统(JITTEIS)。COEC将来自NIEHS环境健康科学核心中心--环境暴露和疾病中心(CEED)的研究信息转化为社区利益相关者的工具和资源。COEC的目标是(1)与社区利益攸关方建立伙伴关系，翻译和传播CEED研究信息；(2)加强社区利益攸关方与CEED研究人员之间关于环境健康问题的对话；(3)提高对环境健康研究的认识和了解；(4)促进将环境健康研究作为职业选择。JITTEIS是根据NIEHS工人教育和培训计划开发的一项培训技术，为部署在紧急事件中协助急救人员的熟练支持人员(SSP，例如木工、铁工、环卫工人)提供服务。SSP经常暴露在与急救人员相同的危险中，但在危险评估和个人防护装备的使用方面缺乏正式指导。当SSP部署到事件中时，JITTEIS会以彩信的形式向他们的手机发送简短的相关多媒体课程。JITTEIS适用于SSP现有的手机、运营商和无线订阅计划，不需要SSP更改电话或帐户中的任何设置、安装任何软件或浏览内容。拟议的工作使JITTEIS技术适用于COEC的社区外联和教育，并与COEC利益攸关方一起评估这一新的外联媒介。移动多媒体将补充COEC目前对CEED研究的传播，使COEC的目标受众能够在一年一度的COEC活动之外及时和定期地访问CEED研究信息，即使用户没有计算机经验也是如此。任何用户都可以选择加入并选择感兴趣的特定主题。随着COEC开发有关CEED研究和社区活动的信息，这项技术将以易于吸收的多媒体形式将其推送到用户的手机上。用户可以随时查看内容，将其转发到朋友和家人的移动设备或电子邮件，并将其发布在任何社交网站上，从而利用同行之间的通信来增加外联消息的受众足迹。 公共卫生相关性：数字鸿沟未能满足的人口结构往往是更频繁地使用能够传达和传播健康信息的手机功能。然而，美国的公共卫生宣传并没有利用这种通信媒介，而且美国在移动学习中采用手机的情况总体上落后于世界其他国家。拟议的努力是移动学习的公开应用，以解决以前阻碍这类服务的技术互操作性和教学设计障碍：无论他们的手机是什么，公众都将能够获得有吸引力的健康推广多媒体。与基于网络的体验不同，建议的消息传递将特定主题的多媒体外联推送到手机上，而不需要用户浏览，并且用户可以轻松地将其转发到他/她的朋友、家人和社交网站，潜在地加速了公共卫生外联的传播和覆盖。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Abstract: Most adults with access to the Internet have used it to search for health information, and half of these queries are for friends or family of the searcher. Unfortunately, access to the Internet varies by socioeconomic status, hence the well quantified "digital divide:" 65% of white adults in the United States searched online for health information in 2008 versus 51% of African Americans and 44% of Hispanics. An alternate mechanism with which to convey visual content (e.g., pictures, animations, and videos) is the ubiquitous cell phone, and demographics with less access to the Internet tend to be more frequent users of mobile multimedia: 54% of white adults use multimedia messaging on their phones, versus 56% of African Americans and 76% of Hispanics. Multimedia messaging between friends and family is the fastest growing data service on cell phones and the second most invoked (text messaging being the first), but it is not used as a communications medium on which to deliver health information due to technical barriers that include instructional design constraints and a lack of device and wireless carrier interoperability. The proposed STTR Phase I effort will investigate the feasibility of using mobile multimedia for health outreach, the appeal of multimedia messaging to health outreach users, and its effectiveness in facilitating the sharing of health outreach information among social groups. The effort focuses on differences between multimedia messaging and traditional web-based outreach, including the personal nature of mobile devices, user acceptance of pushed content, and the cost to a web-based outreach program of repurposing content and maintaining wireless opt-in enrollment. The effort will also investigate the potential of outreach recipients to disseminate health outreach through peer-to-peer forwarding of multimedia messages, and posting multimedia messages on social websites (e.g., Twitter and Facebook). The ability of a public health outreach program to send multimedia to any (opted-in) cell phone, and the ability of any user to post multimedia content on a social network web site from any cell phone, require technical solutions to the current lack of interoperability. In order to conduct field tests within the Phase I period of performance, the proposed effort builds upon two ongoing projects: the Community Outreach and Education Core (COEC) at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ) and Cell Podium's Just-In- Time Training for Emergency Incidents System (JITTEIS). COEC translates research information from the Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (CEED), an NIEHS Environmental Health Sciences Core Center, into tools and resources for community stakeholders. The goals of COEC are to (1) develop partnerships with community stakeholders to translate and disseminate CEED research information; (2) enhance the dialogue on environmental health issues between community stakeholders and CEED researchers; (3) increase awareness and understanding of environmental health research; and (4) promote environmental health research as a career option. JITTEIS is a training technology being developed under the NIEHS Worker Education and Training Program that serves skilled support personnel (SSP, e.g., carpenters, ironworkers, sanitation workers) deployed to aid first responders in emergency incidents. SSP are often exposed to the same hazards as first responders, but lack formal instruction in hazard assessment and the use of personal protective equipment. When SSP are deployed to an incident, JITTEIS sends brief relevant multimedia lessons to their cell phones in the form of multimedia messages. JITTEIS works with the SSP's existing cell phone, carrier, and wireless subscription plan, and does not require the SSP to change any settings in the phone or account, install any software, or browse for content. The proposed effort adapts JITTEIS technology to community outreach and education at the COEC, and assesses this new outreach medium with COEC stakeholders. Mobile multimedia will complement COEC's current dissemination of CEED research by providing COEC's target audiences with timely and regular access to CEED research information well beyond the annual COEC events, even if the user has no computer experience. Any user will be able to opt in and select specific topics of interest. As COEC develops information on CEED research and community events, this technology will push it onto users' phones in the form of easily assimilated multimedia. At any time, the user can view the content, forward it to the mobile devices or email of friends and family, and post it on any social networking site, thereby leveraging communications among peers to increase the audience footprint of the outreach messages. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Demographics underserved by the digital divide tend to be more frequent users of cell phone functionality that can convey and propagate health information. However, public health outreach in the United States does not exploit this communications medium, and the country overall lags behind the rest of the world in the adoption of cell phones in mobile learning. The proposed effort is a public application of mobile learning that addresses the technical interoperability and instructional design barriers that have previously impeded such services: the public at large will have access to appealing health outreach multimedia regardless of their cell phone. Unlike a web-based experience, the proposed messaging pushes theme-specific multimedia outreach to the phone without requiring the user to browse for it, and is easily forwarded by the user to his/her friends, family, and social websites, potentially accelerating the dissemination and coverage of public health outreach.