Differentiation of taste papilla epithelium during development

描述（由申请人提供）：味蕾是将味觉刺激转化为神经信号的感觉末端器官，位于哺乳动物舌头的味觉乳头中。因此，味觉乳头包含将分化为包括味蕾细胞的上皮。然而，味觉生物学领域缺乏一个清楚的认识是什么构成可能的味觉细胞前体在发展乳头。事实上，目前还没有关于早期舌上皮在乳头分化过程中能够向下层间质传递交叉信号的详细信息。本研究的目标是：(1)胚胎和出生后早期舌上皮中神经元、神经胶质和味觉细胞表型的定位和时间；(2)神经嵴源性细胞（NCDCs）在发育中的舌上皮、间质和味觉乳头中的分期、位置特异性分布和表型特征。全舌和切片的免疫组织化学将用于描述和定位胚胎和出生后舌上皮和间质中的神经元、胶质和味觉细胞表型。此外，在体外，选择胚胎阶段的舌器官培养系统将用于研究细胞类型是否可以在没有完整感觉贡献的情况下发育和维持。我们将使用含有由Wnt1- Cre或P0-Cre调节的lacZ （R26R）报告基因或ZEG （lacZ/EGFP）双报告基因的转基因小鼠系来标记表达Wnt1和p0的非传染性疾病。研究非传染性疾病在发育中的舌头和味觉乳头中的分布和细胞表型。该结果将为味觉乳头上皮的起源和分化提供新的信息，并为理解味觉乳头上皮的起源和分化提供重要的基础。味觉是由味觉乳头中的味蕾所引导的，它指导着所有脊椎动物的营养选择和摄食行为。因此，全面了解味觉乳头如何发育和分化，最终包括味蕾细胞，将有助于更好地理解味觉是如何发展的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Taste buds, the sensory end organs that transduce gustatory stimuli into neural signals, reside in taste papillae in the mammalian tongue. Therefore, taste papillae incorporate the epithelium that will differentiate to include cells of taste bud. However, the field of taste biology lacks a clear understanding of what constitutes possible taste cell precursors in developing papillae. In fact, there is no detailed information about cell specification of the early lingual epithelium that can cross-signal to underlying mesenchyme in papilla differentiation. The goals of this proposal are to characterize: (1) the localization and timing for neuronal, glial and taste cell phenotypes in embryonic and early postnatal tongue epithelium; (2) stage and location-specific distribution and phenotypic specification of neural crest derived cells (NCDCs) in developing lingual epithelium, mesenchyme and taste papillae. Immunohistochemistry on whole tongue and sections will be used to characterize and localize neuronal, glial and taste cell phenotypes, in embryonic and postnatal tongue epithelium and mesenchyme. Also, an in vitro, tongue organ culture system at select embryonic stages will be used to study whether cell types can develop and be sustained in the absence of an intact sensory contribution. We will use transgenic mouse lines with a lacZ (R26R) reporter or ZEG (lacZ/EGFP) double reporter transgene modulated by Wnt1- Cre or P0-Cre to label Wnt1- and P0-expressing NCDCs. The distribution and cell phenotypes of NCDCs in the developing tongue and taste papillae will be characterized. The results will bring new information to the field and provide an important foundation for understanding the derivation and progressive differentiation of developing taste papilla epithelium. Taste sensation, which is tranduced by taste buds in the gustatory papillae, guides nutritive choices and ingestive behaviors of all vertebrates. Thus a thorough knowledge of how taste papillae develop and differentiate to eventually include taste bud cells will contribute to better understanding how taste sensation develops. Public Health Relevance: The sense of taste informs our nutritive choices, which are essential for life and quality of life. Knowledge of taste papilla development will contribute to understanding how the distribution and density of tongue taste organs are determined, and therefore, to understanding how taste sensitivity emerges.