Exercise-induced changes in impulsivity and cocaine self-administration

描述（由申请人提供）：有限的数据表明，体育锻炼可以减少冲动，也可以减少药物使用。然而，这些影响可能发生的机制尚不清楚。这项研究的总体目标是了解运动对冲动和药物使用的影响，并确定这些影响是否存在共同的机制。提出了三个实验，大鼠使用平行结构，以提高能力的数据，从每个通知其他解释。实验1（目标1）将确定重复的跑步机运动（3个水平：不运动，20分钟，60分钟）是否与冲动性（延迟折扣）的降低相关。实验2（目标2）将确定是否重复的体育锻炼与较低的可卡因自我给药的获得率，以及通过检查可卡因剂量范围内的响应率确定的对可卡因的增强功效的敏感性降低有关。实验3（目标3）将检查多巴胺能活性的核丘脑和前额皮质后，反复的体育锻炼和可卡因的挑战，多巴胺和这些结构已经建立的冲动和药物自我管理的作用。这项研究将揭示运动可能影响药物使用的神经生物学和行为机制，并将提供数据，可以刺激临床研究，将运动作为治疗和潜在的预防措施，在青春期和青年期。 公共卫生相关性：这些研究将确定定期进行体育锻炼是否会减少冲动决策，这是引发许多危险，不健康行为的已知风险因素，并降低使用可卡因的可能性。研究还将试图确定这些影响的潜在机制，这些机制可以在以后开发，以补充和提高运动对这些行为的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Limited data suggest that physical exercise can reduce impulsivity and can also reduce drug use. However, the mechanism by which these effects may occur is unknown. The overall aim of the proposed research is to understand the effects of exercise on impulsivity and drug use, and to determine whether there is a common mechanism underlying these effects. Three experiments are proposed in rats that use parallel structures to increase the ability of data from each to inform interpretation of the others. Experiment 1 (Aim 1) will determine whether repeated treadmill exercise (3 levels: no exercise, 20 min, 60 min) is associated with decreases in impulsivity (delay discounting). Experiment 2 (Aim 2) will determine whether repeated physical exercise is associated with lower rates of acquisition of cocaine self-administration, and a reduction in sensitivity to the reinforcing efficacy of cocaine determined by examining response rates over a range of cocaine doses. Experiment 3 (Aim 3) will examine the dopaminergic activity in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex following repeated physical exercise and response to a cocaine challenge, as dopamine and these structures have established roles in impulsivity and in drug self-administration. This research will shed light on the neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms by which exercise might influence drug use, and will provide data that can stimulate clinical studies examining exercise both as a treatment and as a potential prophylactic during adolescence and young adulthood. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The studies will determine whether engaging in regular physical exercise decreases impulsive decision-making, which is a known risk factor for initiating a number of dangerous, unhealthy behaviors, and decreases the likelihood of using cocaine. Studies will also try to identify a mechanism underlying these effects, which could be developed later to supplement and increase the effectiveness of exercise on these behaviors.