Social contextual and environmental predictors of PA in sedentary minority adults

描述（由申请人提供）：PA的健康益处被广泛接受，有助于降低心血管疾病、糖尿病、中风、肥胖和某些癌症的风险。四分之一的成年人不活跃，少数种族和族裔的不活跃率更高。生活在非支持性环境中的人不太可能参与PA。这可能是特别重要的了解PA在种族和少数民族，谁（a）是不太可能比白人，以满足PA的建议和（B）不成比例地生活在社区缺乏PA资源。因此，更好地了解自然环境中的环境因素（例如，基于社区的设置）以及它们如何影响PA心理社会过程（例如，应力）和阶段（例如，需要在种族和族裔少数群体之间建立一个平等的家庭（收养和抚养），以减少巴勒斯坦权力机构的不平等。因此，本研究的主要目的是使用调查，定性和国家的科学生态瞬时评估（EMA）的方法，纵向研究选定的社会心理，社会背景，客观和感知的物理环境因素对自我发起的生活方式中等强度PA在300黑人和拉丁美洲久坐的成年人超过1年的时间内的影响。总体而言，将从参与者开始自我发起的生活方式中等强度PA前1周到开始日期后52周对参与者进行跟踪。将使用EMA对受试者进行连续3周的跟踪，之后，将在第8、26、39和52周通过EMA和加速计对受试者进行为期1周的评估。此外，参与者将接受健身，体脂，血压和体重指数的客观测量，并将获得先前测试的干预工具（例如，步数计、PA处方计划和时事通讯）。参与者讨论并选择社会经济和物理环境特征（例如，还将使用地理信息系统（GIS）绘制每个参与者社区的公共艺术空间（包括公园），以便进一步将其公共艺术空间的机会和资源置于背景之中。本研究的主要目的是：1）研究社会背景、感知和客观环境因素对久坐的少数民族成年人采用和维持自我发起的生活方式中等强度PA的影响; 2）研究心理社会、社会背景、感知和客观环境因素在自我发起的生活方式中等强度PA过程中是否发生变化;（3）研究社会心理因素在社会背景和环境因素的个体差异与PA之间的中介或调节作用。很少有研究探讨机制的基础PA通过和维护少数民族人口。拟议的研究将作出独特的贡献，处理关于减少健康差距的主要报告的关键建议。公共卫生相关性：本研究的目的是阐明PA在黑人和拉丁美洲人的社会和身体的决定因素，以最终减少PA的差距，通过制定癌症预防干预措施，解决他们的资源（社会和环境），生活的优先事项，和主要关注，并提高我们的知识，人们如何以及何时从启动到维持PA的变化。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The health benefits of PA are widely accepted, aiding in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, stroke, obesity, and some cancers. One-fourth of adults are inactive with higher rates of inactivity among racial and ethnic minorities. Individuals who live in non-supportive environments are less likely to engage in PA. This may be particularly important for understanding PA in racial and ethnic minorities, who (a) are less likely than whites to meet PA recommendations and (b) disproportionately live in communities lacking PA resources. Thus, a greater understanding of environmental factors in the natural environment (e.g., community-based settings) and how they influence PA psychosocial processes (e.g., stress) and stages (e.g., adoption and maintenance) among racial and ethnic minorities are needed to reduce disparities in PA. Therefore, the primary aim of this study is to use survey, qualitative, and state-of-the-science ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods to longitudinally examine the influence of selected psychosocial, social contextual, and objective and perceived physical environmental factors on self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA in 300 black and Latino sedentary adults over a 1 year period. Overall, participants will be tracked from 1 week before they start self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA through 52 weeks after the start date. They will be tracked for 3 continuous weeks using EMA and after that time, participants will be assessed via EMA and accelerometer for 1-week intervals at weeks 8, 26, 39, and 52. In addition, participants will undergo objective measurements of fitness, body fat, blood pressure, and body mass index, and will receive previously-tested intervention tools (e.g., pedometers, PA prescription plan, and newsletters). Participants' address and select socioeconomic and physical environmental characteristics (e.g., parks) of each participant's neighborhood will also be mapped using geographic information systems (GIS) in order to further contextualize their PA opportunities and resources. The primary specific aims are to: 1) examine the influence of social contextual, and perceived and objective environmental factors on the adoption and maintenance of self-initiated lifestyle moderate-intensity PA among sedentary minority adults; 2) examine whether psychosocial, social contextual, and perceived and objective environmental factors change during the course of self-initiating lifestyle moderate-intensity PA; and 3) examine the extent to which selected psychosocial factors mediate or moderate the relationships between individual differences in social contextual and environmental factors and PA. There have been few studies examining the mechanism underlying PA adoption and maintenance in minority populations. The proposed study will make a unique contribution, addressing key recommendations from major reports on reducing health disparities. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the social and physical determinants of PA in blacks and Latinos in order to ultimately reduce PA disparities by developing cancer prevention interventions that address their resources (both social and environmental), life priorities, and chief concerns, and to enhance our knowledge of how and when people move from initiating to maintaining a change in PA.