The functional organization of directionally biassed feedback influences from MT to V1 and the LGN

在大脑中，将感觉信息从感觉器官(如眼睛)传输到高级中枢的路径与相反方向的反馈路径相匹配。因此，来自眼睛的输入通过一种称为视觉丘脑的结构传递到视觉皮质，但视觉皮质将反馈连接发送回视觉丘脑。事实上，从数字上讲，这些都超过了眼睛产生的那些。这一切为什么要发生？这些连接是做什么的？它们似乎将大脑中更高层次的处理过程中的知识带回了早期水平，并在某种程度上利用这一点来增强我们感知周围世界的能力。在这里，我们正在探索视觉世界中与运动处理有关的高级皮质区域的作用，以及该区域与初级视觉皮质和丘脑的功能回路的联系方式。我们的建议是，连接视觉系统三个层次的前馈和反馈连接作为一个整体运行，而不是作为序列中的单独步骤。

In the brain the pathways transferring sensory information from the sense organs, such as the eyes, to higher centers are matched by feedback pathways that run in the opposite direction. Thus the input from the eyes is relayed via a structure called the visual thalamus to the visual cortex, but the visual cortex sends feedback connections back down to the visual thalamus. Indeed numerically these exceed those arising from the eyes. Why does this happen? What do these connections do? They seem to bring the knowledge from the processing at higher levels in the brain back to earlier levels and in some way use this to enhance our ability to perceive the world around us. Here we are probing the role of the higher cortical area concerned with processing motion in the visual world and the way this area is linked into a functional circuit with the primary visual cortex and thalamus. The suggestion is that the feed forward and feedback connections linking three levels in the visual system operate as an integrated whole rather than as separate steps in a sequence.