Training in Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Rejection

描述（由申请人提供）：在今天的美国，50岁的人和5岁的人一样多，30年后80岁以上的人将和5岁以下的人一样多（www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpvr.html）。癌症作为一种老年疾病，即使不成为一种流行病，也仍将是一个重大的公共卫生问题。这一非同寻常的问题对基础和应用生物医学研究科学家提出了巨大的挑战，他们必须提出非同寻常的想法来了解这种疾病，并对其进行管理、治疗或预防。许多科学领域的进展令人印象深刻，但仍有许多有待学习、发现和应用。这项工作将由我们正在实验室中培训的新一代生物医学科学家进行。我们培训计划的总体目标是培养一批年轻的免疫学家骨干。博士和博士/博士。他们将以了解如何利用免疫系统对抗癌症为己任。癌症的免疫解决方案将取决于我们是否有能力引发有效的、强有力的、具有终身记忆的免疫反应，以对抗与自身分子没有太大区别的抗原。这个令人兴奋的研究领域继续为在免疫学最新范式中受过良好训练的年轻科学家提供挑战和机会。在匹兹堡大学医学院，我们成功地培养了在肿瘤免疫学领域产生重大影响的有才华的研究人员。我们建议继续招募最优秀和最聪明的人进入癌症免疫学，通过继续我们在肿瘤排斥的细胞和分子机制方面的培训计划。这项培训补助金的目标是为学生和研究员提供课程、研究项目、高素质的导师和财政资源，以实现以下目标：阐明肿瘤特异性免疫启动的基本机制；2. 明确抗肿瘤免疫应答的效应机制；和3。了解建立长期抗肿瘤免疫记忆的要求；4. 阐明影响抗肿瘤免疫的肿瘤微环境的具体特征；5. 阐明炎症和癌症之间的关系。我们一直在通过精心策划和组织的课程活动来实现这些目标，并结合项目活动，促进项目教师和学员之间的实质性交流。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the United States today there are as many 50-year olds as 5-year olds, and in 30 years there will be as many people over 80 as under 5 (www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpvr.html). As the disease of old age, cancer will remain a great public health problem, if not become an epidemic. This extraordinary problem presents a great challenge to basic and applied biomedical research scientists to come up with extraordinary ideas to understand the disease and manage, cure or prevent it. The progress has been impressive in many scientific disciplines but a lot remains to be learned, discovered and applied. This work will be carried out by the new generation of biomedical scientists that we are now training in our laboratories. The overall goal of our training program is to train a cadre of young immunologists. PhDs and MD/PhDs. who will make it their mission to understand how to harness the immune system in the fight against cancer. Immunological solutions to cancer will lie in our ability to elicit effective, potent immune responses, with life long memory, against antigens that are not much different then self-molecules. This exciting field of research continues to provide challenges and opportunities for young scientists well trained in the newest paradigms in immunology. At the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine we have successfully trained talented investigators who have made significant impact in the field of tumor immunology. We propose to continue to recruit the best and the brightest into cancer immunology through the continuation of our training program in Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Rejection. The goals supported by this training grant are to provide students and fellows with courses, research projects, highly qualified mentors and financial resources to: 1. Elucidate the basic mechanisms of initiation of tumor-specific immunity; 2. Define the effector mechanisms in the anti-tumor immune response; and 3. Understand the requirements for establishment of long-term anti-tumor immune memory; 4. Elucidate specific features of the tumor microenvironment that affect anti-tumor immunity; 5. Elucidate the relationship between inflammation and cancer. We have been accomplishing these goals through well-planned and organized course activities, combined with program activities that promote substantive communication among the program faculty and trainees.