Understanding Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence in Vietnam

说明（由申请人提供）：国际研究表明，男子对其女性伴侣和妻子的暴力程度，或亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），是一个重大的全球健康问题，对妇女及其子女产生一系列不利的身体、心理、社会和经济后果。男性和女性对暴力的态度被认为与实际的暴力行为有关；然而，令人惊讶的是，对IPV态度的研究相对有限，研究人员直到最近才开发出标准工具来衡量发展中国家环境中个人对IPV的态度。虽然改变与IPV相关的个人态度和社区层面的规范对行为改变可能很重要，但我们跨文化调查它们的能力可能会受到严重限制，因为对现有的常用调查问题的回答可能会将妇女自己对IPV的态度和她们对当地社区IPV规范的看法混为一谈。这项研究的目的是开发更好的方法工具，以了解妇女和男子对IPV的个人态度以及他们对自己社区内IPV规范的看法。该项目结合了认知访谈、深入的人种学方法和调查实验，以开发关于IPV的社会可接受性的新问题和调查模块，其中个人态度可以清楚地与对社区规范的看法区分开来。将比较来自女性和男性的定性数据，以检查问题和回答类别是否具有性别认知和语义意义，定性和认知数据将为调查实验的发展和调查数据的分析提供信息。这些用于了解对IPV的态度和规范的改进的调查工具将向公众提供，以便在诸如国土安全部的大规模国家调查中可能使用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): International research suggests that levels of men's violence against their female partners and wives, or intimate partner violence (IPV), is a significant global health problem with a wide range of adverse physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences for women and their children. Both men's and women's attitudes about violence are believed to be correlated with actual violent behavior; yet, surprisingly, research on attitudes about IPV is relatively limited, and researchers only recently have developed standard instruments to measure individual attitudes about IPV in developing country settings. Although modifying individual attitudes and community-level norms related to IPV is potentially important for behavioral change, our ability to investigate them cross-culturally may be severely limited because the responses to existing, commonly used survey questions may conflate women's own attitudes regarding IPV and their perceptions of norms about IPV in their local communities. The objective of this research is to develop better methodological tools for understanding women's and men's individual attitudes about IPV and their perceptions of norms about IPV in their own communities. The project combines cognitive interviewing, in-depth ethnographic methods, and survey experiments to develop new questions and survey modules on the social acceptability of IPV in which individual attitudes can be distinguished clearly from perceptions of community norms. Qualitative data from women and men will be compared to examine whether questions and response categories have gendered cognitive and semantic meanings, and the qualitative and cognitive data will inform the development of the survey experiment and analysis of the survey data. These refined survey tools for understanding attitudes and norms about IPV will be made publicly available for possible use in large-scale national surveys, such as the DHS. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The survey instruments developed in this project will enable a more fruitful analysis of the dynamic between individual attitudes and social norms about intimate partner violence (IPV) and individual women's exposure to IPV and their help-seeking behavior. The project will provide a valuable comparative perspective to research on this topic underway in Bangladesh. The insights and tools developed through this project will lay the groundwork for a multilevel study of IPV attitudes, norms, and individual risk and help-seeking behavior for which separate funding will be sought. Improved knowledge about the attitudinal and normative environment related to IPV will inform the development of contextually appropriate ideational interventions to reduce the prevalence and consequences of IPV.