How Emotion Affects Memory for Detail: Behavioral and Neuroimaging Investigations

描述（由申请人提供）：认知神经科学研究极大地促进了我们对成功编码和检索信息的认知和神经过程的理解。然而，这项研究的大部分都是用故意选择的刺激来进行的，以引起没有情绪反应。但在我们的日常生活中，许多经历都充满了情感上的重要性和个人意义：我们收到同事的赞美，或者我们目睹了一场车祸。本申请中提出的研究的广泛目标是研究信息的情感内容如何影响记忆形成过程中的认知和神经过程。人们经常声称自己记得非常详细的情感事件。例如，几乎每个人都声称自己记得一些细节，比如当肯尼迪遇刺时，他们在哪里，他们在做什么。（Winograd & Killinger，1983）。然而，关于这些主观报告是否与情绪长期记忆的客观准确性相一致，存在着广泛的争论。拟议的研究将研究情绪对记忆准确性的影响（具体目标1），并通过行为测试和神经成像（功能性磁共振成像）方法的组合，将研究认知（具体目标2）和神经（具体目标3）过程，这些过程是我们记忆中与情绪相关的信息的基础。公共卫生相关性：通过解决有关情绪对记忆的影响的核心问题，拟议中的研究将深入了解日常生活中的情绪背景下如何形成记忆。这些知识可能会提供对情感障碍（如抑郁症、焦虑症或创伤后应激障碍）中观察到的记忆障碍和偏见的深入了解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive neuroscience research has greatly advanced our understanding of the cognitive and neural processes that underlie the successful encoding and retrieval of information. The bulk of this research, however, has been conducted with stimuli intentionally chosen to elicit no emotional responses. But in our daily lives, many experiences are infused with emotional importance and personal significance: We receive a compliment from a coworker, or we witness a car crash. The broad goal of the research proposed in this application is to examine how the emotional content of information affects the cognitive and neural processes engaged during memory formation. Individuals often claim to remember emotional events with tremendous detail. For example, nearly everyone claims to remember details such as where they were and what they were doing when J.F.K. was shot (Winograd & Killinger, 1983). There has been extensive debate, however, about whether these subjective reports correspond with the objective accuracy of emotional long-term memories. The proposed research will examine the effects of emotion on memory accuracy (Specific Aim 1) and, through a combination of behavioral testing and neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) approaches will examine the cognitive (Specific Aim 2) and neural (Specific Aim 3) processes that underlie our memories for information with emotional relevance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By addressing core questions with regard to emotion's effect on memory, the proposed research will provide insight into how memory formation occurs within the emotional context of everyday life. This knowledge is likely to provide insight into the memory disorders and biases observed in affective disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.