A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND HIV RISK AMONG ADULT LATINA MOTHER-DA

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，拉丁裔妇女的艾滋病毒感染率是非拉丁裔白色妇女的六倍。拉丁美洲人正在遭受物质使用障碍的不同负面后果，包括亲密伴侣暴力，监禁，无家可归和医疗疾病。我们的长期目标是减少拉丁美洲人中与艾滋病毒和药物滥用有关的健康差距。本申请的目的，这是在追求这一目标的重要一步，是确定如何物质使用（合法和非法）和艾滋病毒的风险行为轨迹的一个社区为基础的样本的拉丁美洲母亲和女儿的家庭机制（母女acoplamiento或附件），文化过程中的变化，以及其他社会因素的药物滥用和艾滋病毒的风险行为随着时间的推移。研究设计包括四波数据收集。基线数据收集在一项由NIDA资助的拉丁裔母亲和女儿的代际药物使用和艾滋病毒风险行为的横断面试点研究中（R24 DA 014260，PI：Mario De La Rosa，Ph.D.）。建议进行三项新的纵向评估，以便对基线评估采取后续行动。首次新的随访评估将与原始研究的基线评估间隔约5年。其余两次随访评估将在前一次随访评估后1年进行。我们的第一个目标是确定的影响，文化和社会因素的变化轨迹的物质使用和艾滋病毒的风险行为之间的一个以社区为基础的样本拉丁裔母亲和女儿。工作假设是，拉丁裔母亲和女儿谁的经验（1）更多的文化适应美国文化;（2）较差的社会经济条件;（3）人际支持的损失;（4）宗教参与较少;（5）与刑事司法系统的参与;（6）亲密伴侣暴力;（7）更大的就业，关系，和/或住宅相关的慢性压力;或（8）心理健康和医疗状况下降，因为他们的基线评估将显示在7年评估时间段内增加或维持高比率的物质使用和HIV风险行为。我们的第二个目标是确定母女依恋对物质使用和艾滋病毒风险行为变化轨迹的影响。拉丁裔母亲和女儿谁要么增加他们的依恋水平或保持一贯的高水平的附件将报告减少或一贯较低水平的物质使用和艾滋病毒的危险行为超过7年的时间段。我们的第三个目标是确定母女依恋对有害社会决定因素的经验和物质使用和艾滋病毒风险行为的变化轨迹之间的关联的调节作用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): The HIV contraction rate for Latina women in the U.S. is six times the rate for non-Latina, White women. Latinas are suffering disparate negative consequences from substance use disorders, including intimate partner violence, incarceration, homelessness, and medical ailments. Our long-term goal is to reduce the incidence of HIV and substance abuse related health disparities among Latinas. The objective of this application, which is a significant step in pursuit of this goal, is to determine how substance use (both licit and illicit) and HIV risk behavior trajectories of a community-based sample of Latina mothers and daughters are influenced by changes in familial mechanisms (mother-daughter acoplamiento or attachment), cultural processes, and other social determinants of substance abuse and HIV risk behaviors over time. The study design involves four waves of data collection. Baseline data were collected in a cross-sectional pilot study of intergenerational drug use and HIV risk behaviors among Latina mothers and daughters funded by NIDA (R24DA014260, PI: Mario De La Rosa, Ph.D.). Three new longitudinal assessments are proposed to follow-up on baseline assessment. The first new follow-up assessment will be spaced approximately 5 years from the original study's baseline assessment. The remaining two follow-up assessments will occur 1 year from the preceding follow-up assessment. Our first aim is to determine the influence of cultural and social determinants on trajectories of change for substance use and HIV risk behaviors among a community-based sample of Latina mothers and daughters. The working hypothesis is that Latina mothers and daughters who experience (1) more acculturation to U.S. culture; (2) poorer socioeconomic conditions; (3) a loss of interpersonal supports; (4) less religious involvement; (5) involvement with the criminal justice system; (6) intimate partner violence; (7) greater employment, relationship, and/or residential related chronic stress; or (8) declining mental health and medical status since their baseline assessment will exhibit either an increase in or maintenance of high rates of substance use and HIV risk behaviors over the 7 year assessment time period. Our second aim is to determine the influence of mother-daughter attachment on trajectories of change for substance use and HIV risk behaviors. Latina mothers and daughters who either increase their levels of attachment or maintain consistently high levels of attachment will report reduced or consistently lower levels of substance use and HIV risk behaviors over a 7 year time period. Our third aim is to determine the moderating role of mother-daughter attachment on associations between experiences of detrimental social determinants and trajectories of change for substance use and HIV risk behaviors.