Project 3: Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals in Contaminated Soils

在来自Superfund网站-前木材处理设施-的五氯苯酚(PCP)污染土壤中发现的环境持久性自由基(EPFR)水平是邻近地区原始土壤样本的30倍。这一发现很重要，因为PCP的广泛使用、EPFR的潜在毒性、从现场吹来的风尘可能暴露于这些EFPR、它们在地下水中和通过地下水的迁移以及皮肤暴露。因此，有必要从根本上了解如何在被五氯苯酚污染的土壤中形成EPFR。由于土壤的复杂性，许多途径可以解释EPFR的形成。该项目将通过三个具体目标系统地探索五氯苯酚污染土壤中EPFR的形成：1)对污染土壤和非污染土壤的有机和无机成分进行物理分离、化学编辑和表征；2)确定造成污染土壤中EPFR形成的主要土壤成分(S)；以及3)利用基于特定AIM-1的研究结果的模型系统，深入了解污染土壤中自由基的自然“原位”形成。这个项目是独一无二的，因为它处理的是“真实世界”的样本。这意味着这个项目将作为一个试验场，测试项目1中关于热EPFR形成途径的一些概念的普遍性，并在这样做的过程中，作为项目1的反馈回路。这个反馈回路将通过与项目6的合作而得到进一步加强。从AIM-1、AIM-2和AIM-3中挑选样本将通过与材料核心的合作提供给生物医学项目2、4和5。除了样本外，该项目还将提供基础化学知识，以了解吸入这些含有EPFR的样本所引起的任何已观察到的心和肺功能障碍。

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) have been found at levels 30 times higher in the pentachlorophenol (PCP) contaminated soils from a Superfund site - a former wood-treatment facility, than in pristine soil samples from the neighboring area. This finding is important due to the widespread use of PCP, potential of toxicity of EPFRs, potential exposure to these EFPRs due to wind blown dust from the site, their migration to and through ground waters as well as dermal exposure. Thus, a fundamental understanding of how the EPFRs can be formed in soils that have been contaminated with PCP is needed. Due to the complexity of soils, a number of pathways could account for the formation of EPFRs. This project will systematically explore the formation of EPFRs within PCP-contaminated soils through three Specific Aims: 1) Physically separate, chemically edit and characterize the organic and inorganic components of both contaminated and non-contaminated soils; 2) Determine the main soil component(s) responsible for the formation of EPFRs in the contaminated soil; and 3) Utilize model systems based on the findings from Specific Aim-1 to gain insight into the natural 'in-situ' formation of radicals in the contaminated soil. This project is unique as it addresses "real world" samples. This means that this project will act as a testing ground for the universality of some of the concepts derived for thermal EPFR formation pathways in Project 1, and in doing so, will act as a feedback loop to Project 1. This feedback loop will be further strengthened by collaborations with Project 6. Select samples from Aim-1, Aim-2, and Aim-3 will be provided to the biomedical Projects 2, 4 and 5 through the collaboration with the Materials Core. In addition to the samples, this project will provide the basic chemistry to understand any observed cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction induced by inhalation of these EPFR-containing samples.