A Lifecourse Approach to Emerging Health Disparities in a US Birth Cohort

拟议中的研究带来了新的数据，以承担种族和 在整个生命过程中健康方面的社会经济差异。我们检查了十字路口， 三因素相互影响社会经济地位（SES），认知能力， 健康本身。现有的研究充分表明，社会经济地位指标预测， 健康影响社会经济成就，认知能力 预测教育程度和健康状况。但是， 社会经济地位、认知能力和健康在生命历程中产生？那么种族歧视 歧视在影响这些因素中的每一个方面发挥作用，造成种族差异？一 这些因素在整个生命过程中的动态相互作用的理论被假定来解释 在一般健康、肥胖、呼吸系统疾病、 功能和抑郁症。一个位于加州的队列，儿童健康和发展 研究青少年样本（CHDS-A）（n=2020），出生于1959-1966年，提供了新的 数据来评估这一理论。在多个时间点收集详细信息 黑人和白色后代及其家庭从出生前到15-17岁。 来自高和低社会经济地位家庭的足够数量的黑人和白色后代 都包含在样本中。已收集的数据包括评估期间的 儿童和青少年的社会经济地位，认知能力，以及选定的健康领域。 该项目将增加42-49岁的评估。分析积累的数据 将阐明健康差距的基本来源之间的关系， 为制定旨在减少这种不平等的政策和干预措施提供信息。社会经济地位和种族的健康差异代表了主要的公众 需要解决的健康问题。这项研究将提供新的数据 从一个双种族的出生队列， 青春期，现在已是中年。关键数据分析 将创造一个不寻常的机会， 了解健康差异在生命过程中出现的时间和原因， 关于制定干预措施的内容和时机的进一步指导， 改善观察到的差异。

The proposed research brings novel data to bear on the emergence of racial and socioeconomic disparities in health over the life course. We examine the intersection and mutual influence of three factorssocioeconomic status (SES), cognitive ability, and health itself. Extant research has demonstrated amply that indicators of SES predict health outcomes, that health affects socioeconomic attainment, and that cognitive ability predicts both educational attainment and health. But how do such associations between SES, cognitive ability, and health arise over the life course? And what role does racial discrimination play in influencing each of these factors to create disparities by race? A theory of dynamic interplay of these factors across the life course is posited to explain the emergence of racial and socioeconomic disparities in general health, obesity, respiratory function, and depression. A California-based cohort, the Child Health and Development StudyAdolescent Sample (CHDS-A) (n=2020), born 1959-1966, provides the novel data to evaluate this theory. Detailed information was collected at multiple time points from before birth until age 15-17 years for black and white offspring and their families. Sufficient numbers of black and white offspring from both high and low SES families were included in the sample. The data already collected include assessments during childhood and adolescence of SES, cognitive ability, and the selected domains of health. This project will add assessments at age 42-49 years. Analysis of the accumulated data will elucidate the relationships among fundamental sources of health disparities and inform the construction of policies and interventions designed to reduce such inequalities. Health disparities by socioeconomic status and race represent major public health issues in need of resolution. This study will provide novel data from a bi-racial birth cohort that has been intensively followed through adolescence and is now in middle-age adulthood. The analysis of key data collected in the proposed study will create an unusual opportunity to understand when and why health disparities emerge over the life course, and further guidance for shaping the content and timing of interventions to ameliorate observed disparities.