EFFECTS OF AGING ON VACCINE EFFICACY IN NONHUMAN PRIMATE MODELS

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 人类产生有效免疫反应的能力随着年龄的增长而下降，使老年人容易感染传染病和癌症。 此外，在年轻人身上测试的疫苗往往对老年人无效。因此，随着新疫苗的开发，测试这些制剂在老年人和年轻人中的功效将是极其重要的。 虽然年轻的非人灵长类动物在测试疫苗对一般人群的有效性方面至关重要，但尚未建立使用老年非人灵长类动物评估老年人疫苗保护的模型。我们已经开始解决这个问题，在最近的一项研究中，我们惊讶地发现，狒狒，一种广泛用于生物医学研究的非人类灵长类动物，并没有表现出免疫衰老。 事实上，当老狒狒（19-24岁）用鼠疫菌的保护性抗原LcrV免疫时，它们的反应甚至比年轻动物（2岁）更好。 因此，尽管在人类、啮齿动物和一些非人类灵长类动物中观察到了与年龄相关的免疫功能丧失，但狒狒似乎并不常见;它们在衰老的同时不会丧失免疫能力。 因此，我们建议评估衰老对三种非人灵长类动物（狒狒、恒河猴和绒猴）对多种不同抗原的免疫力的影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The ability of humans to mount an effective immune response declines with age, leaving the elderly susceptible to infectious diseases and cancer. Moreover, vaccines tested in younger individuals are often ineffective in older people. Thus, as new vaccines are developed, it will be extremely important to test these formulations for efficacy in the elderly as well as in the young. While young nonhuman primates have been critical in testing vaccine efficacy for the general human population, a model using old nonhuman primates to assess vaccine protection for the elderly has not been established. We have begun to address this issue and in a recent study, found to our surprise that baboons, a nonhuman primate species used extensively in biomedical research, did not show immune senescence with aging. In fact, when old baboons (19-24 years old) were immunized with LcrV, a protective antigen from the plague bacterium, they responded even better than young animals (2¿ years old). Thus, although age-related loss in immune function has been observed in humans, rodents and a few nonhuman primate species, baboons appear to be unusual; they age without losing immune competence. Therefore, we propose to assess the effects of aging on immunity in three nonhuman primate species (baboons, rhesus macaques, and marmosets) to multiple different antigens.