Dynamic Expression of Antagonistic Personality Pathology in Daily Life

描述(申请人提供)：该项目将调查日常生活中不适应人格特征的动态表达，以澄清100天内人格障碍(PD)患者样本中功能障碍行为的性质、变异性和预测因素。考虑到人格病理学和人格障碍的严重后果，这项工作是及时的，目前的重点是如何最好地概念化紊乱的人格。与精神病理学维度模型的现代概念一致，拟议的研究集中在与对抗性人格特征相关的病理学上。敌对特征包括敌意、攻击性、操纵性等，是自恋、反社会和边缘人格障碍的主要组成部分，并与性胁迫、人际暴力和自杀等行为有关(这些行为会在现实世界中造成严重后果)。因此，必须充分了解拮抗特征的性质，以便为评估、诊断和干预提供信息。现在人们普遍认识到，人格病理是由于基本人格特征通过动态的人内过程和对环境中日常应激源的反应而表现出的不适应。然而，尽管PD为临床干预提供了最佳靶点，但目前对PD的动态适应不良过程研究不足且知之甚少。这项研究整合了当前关于人格、心理病理学和个体差异的理论，并应用新颖的设计和统计方法来检验日常生活中对抗性特征表达的动态过程。为了更完整地理解人格病理学，需要一种超越传统研究的方法论，这种研究依赖于横断面设计来检查导致适应不良反应和功能障碍的动态变化和背景因素。密集的日常评估和复杂的多水平模型的使用对于促进我们对人格病理表达的理解至关重要。在这个项目中，这样的建模技术将被应用于在现实世界中通过重复的日常评估收集的数据，以检查与拮抗特征相关的过程。具体地说，这项研究评估了患有PD的患者在100天内的日常生活经历。对基本心理变量(例如，人际行为、情绪)、压力源和帕金森病症状的日常评估将提供必要的数据，以检查与功能障碍行为相关的变异性和过程，以及这些过程的决定因素。这项研究的结果对严重人格病理的评估、诊断和治疗具有重要意义。 公共卫生相关性：拟议研究的结果对严重人格障碍的评估、诊断和治疗有影响。这一结果将为了解被诊断为人格障碍的个体的敌对行为(例如，敌意、攻击性)、日常压力和情绪的过程提供一个非常必要的窗口。这一发现有可能以适应不良周期或过程的形式确定治疗目标。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will investigate the dynamic expression of maladaptive personality traits in daily life in order to clarify the nature, variabilty, and predictors of dysfunctional behavior in a sample of patients with personality disorders (PDs) over a 100-day period. This work is timely given the serious consequences of personality pathology and PDs and the current focus on how best to conceptualize disordered personality. Consistent with modern conceptions of dimensional models of psychopathology, the proposed study focuses on pathology related to Antagonistic personality traits. Antagonistic traits include those such as hostility, aggression, manipulativeness, among others, are major components of Narcissistic, Antisocial, and Borderline PDs, and have been linked with behaviors such as sexual coercion, interpersonal violence, and suicide (behaviors that have severe real-world consequences). Thus, it is imperative that the nature of Antagonistic traits be well understood to inform assessment, diagnosis, and interventions. It is now widely recognized that personality pathology arises from the maladaptive expression of basic personality traits via the dynamic within- person processes and responses to day-to-day stressors in the environment. However, the dynamic maladaptive processes of PDs currently are understudied and poorly understood, despite the fact that they provide optimal targets for clinical interventions. The proposed study integrates current theory regarding personality, psychopathology, and individual differences, and applies novel design and statistical methodology to examine dynamic processes in the expression of Antagonistic traits in daily life. A more complete understanding of personality pathology requires a methodology that goes beyond traditional studies that rely on cross-sectional designs to examine dynamic changes and contextual factors that precipitate maladaptive responses and impairments in functioning. The use of intensive daily assessments and sophisticated multilevel models are essential for advancing our understanding of the expression of personality pathology. In this project, such modeling techniques will be applied to data collected using repeated daily assessments in the real world to examine processes associated with Antagonistic traits. Specifically, this study assesses patients with PDs on daily life experiences over the course of 100 days. Daily assessments of basic psychological variables (e.g., interpersonal behavior, emotions), stressors, and PD symptomatology will provide the necessary data to examine variability in and processes related to dysfunctional behavior, and the determinants of those processes. Results of the proposed study have implications for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of severe personality pathology. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results of the proposed study have implications for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of severe personality disorders. The results will provide a much needed window in to the processes of antagonistic behavior (e.g., hostility, aggression), daily stress, and emotion in individuals diagnosed with personality disorders. Findings have the potential to identify treatment targets in the form of maladaptive cycles or processes.