A Twin Study of Negative Valence Emotional Constructs

描述（由申请人提供）：内化障碍，由焦虑和抑郁综合征组成，代表常见的使人衰弱的病症，其病因尚不清楚。 神经科学家已经开发了维度评估工具和心理任务，探索负价系统作为临床症状的替代表型。这些替代表型正在考虑用于NIMH的研究领域标准（RDoC）项目。然而，目前对它们的遗传基础及其与内在风险因素的关系知之甚少。这项研究将扩展和加深我们对这种替代表型和ID关节病早期表现之间关系的理解。该方法将是管理一套翔实的尺寸措施和实验任务，以500个青春期前的双胞胎对从一个大的流行病学样本。还将评估这些受试者的当前和终生内在精神病理学以及广泛的儿童风险/保护因素。 预期的结果是提供新的见解的机制，基因和环境赋予风险内化障碍，通过这些更基本的表型，pupernity反映潜在的情感处理。 公共卫生相关性：焦虑症和抑郁症的高患病率使其成为美国重大的公共卫生负担。这些疾病通常开始于儿童时期，但人们对它们影响某些儿童而不影响其他儿童的机制知之甚少。这项研究在儿科双胞胎中进行，以了解遗传机制，使用新的方法来测量有这些疾病风险的儿童对负面情绪刺激的反应方式。从这项研究中获得的见解可以导致这些疾病的预防和治疗的重大进展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Internalizing disorders, consisting of syndromes of anxiety and depression, represent common, debilitating conditions, the etiology of which is not well understood. Neuroscientists have developed dimensional assessment instruments and psychological tasks that probe negative valence systems as alternative phenotypes to clinical symptoms. Such alternative phenotypes are under consideration for use in the NIMH's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project. However, little is currently known regarding their genetic basis and how that relates to internalizing risk factors. This study will extend and deepen our understanding of the relationships between such alternative phenotypes and early manifestations of ID symptomatology. The approach will be to administer an informative suite of dimensional measures and experimental tasks to 500 pre-adolescent twin pairs from a large epidemiological sample. These subjects will also be assessed for current and lifetime internalizing psychopathology and a broad array of childhood risk/ protective factors. The expected outcome is to provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which genes and environment confer risk to internalizing disorders via these more basic phenotypes that putatively reflect underlying affective processing. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The high prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders makes them a significant public health burden in the US. They often begin in childhood, but little is known about the mechanisms by which they affect some children but not others. This study, performed in pediatric twin pairs to understand genetic mechanisms, uses novel approaches to measure ways that children at risk for these conditions respond to negative emotional stimuli. Insights gained from this study can lead to significant advances in prevention and treatment for these conditions.