Transrectal Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using a Globally Convergent Method

前列腺癌经直肠成像的全局收敛方法 摘要 虽然许多医学成像技术是先进的，但没有简单准确的成像技术。 有一种工具可以指导前列腺癌的早期检测、组织活检和最佳治疗。 需要更多的研究和技术开发，以探索可靠和定量的 用于改善前列腺癌筛查、诊断和预后的成像手段。 R 01提案的总体假设是， 可以开发与经直肠的多通道光学成像系统的组合， 用于体内经直肠检测和诊断人前列腺癌。的 具体目标是： 目的1：发展和验证一种全局收敛的方法（GCM），以获得二维（2- D）光学参数（吸收和散射参数）的重建图像， 是人类前列腺癌的特征。 目标2：设计、实现和验证经直肠多通道光学成像系统， 可用于测量来自人类前列腺的光信号， 微创前列腺癌诊断或/和筛查。 目标3（a）：使用人类前列腺样组织实验验证所开发的2-D GCM 幻影，以便可以探索适当的改进，修改或校准，以提高 理论精度和实验设计。 目的3（B）：对离体人前列腺进行光学成像测量， 在乳房切除术期间从患者体内取出，并与组织学结果进行比较，以验证 新开发的二维GCM。 目的3（c）：通过在体人体实验验证二维GCM和经直肠成像系统 前列腺切除术期间的前列腺测量。将进行光学测量 在手术开始时，在前列腺被切除之前， 同样的离体前列腺。体内和离体结果之间的比较 将用于改进二维GCM和经直肠成像系统。 这个项目是一个可行性研究。我们希望表明，GCM是一个直接和快速的 图像重建算法与证明数学基础，导致经济 和实用的近红外成像仪用于前列腺癌检测。此外，通过结合光学 断层成像技术与新设计的经直肠光学探头，研究 研究小组有一个独特的机会获得前列腺癌的光学和生理特征 这将使未来试验的适当规划具有统计学意义的数量 的主题。长期目标是利用光学衍生的签名作为指纹， 前列腺癌的诊断方法。

Transrectal Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using a Globally Convergent Method Abstract While many technologies for medical imaging are advanced, no simple and accurate imaging tool exists to guide early detection, tissue biopsy and optimal treatment for prostate cancer. More research and technology development are needed to explore reliable and quantitative imaging means for improved prostate cancer screening, diagnosis and prognosis. The overall hypothesis for this R01 proposal is that a novel Globally Convergent Method in combination with a transrectal, multi-channel optical imaging system can be developed and used in vivo for transrectal detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer in human. The Specific Aims are: Aim 1: develop and validate a globally convergent method (GCM) to obtain 2-dimentional (2- D) reconstructed images of optical parameters (both absorption and scattering parameters) that are characteristic of human prostate cancer. Aim 2: design, implement, and validate a transrectal, multi-channel optical imaging system that can be used to measure optical signals from human prostate glands for non-invasive or minimally invasive prostate cancer diagnosis or/and screen. Aim 3(a): experimentally validate the developed 2-D GCM using human prostate-like tissue phantoms so that appropriate refinement, modification, or calibration can be explored to improve both theoretical accuracy and experimental designs. Aim 3(b): perform optical imaging measurements on ex vivo human prostate glands, which are removed from patients during prostatectomy, and compare with histology results to validate the newly developed 2-D GCM. Aim 3(c): validate the 2-D GCM and transrectal imaging system by performing in vivo human prostate measurements during prostatectomy. The optical measurements will be carried out transrectally in the beginning of the surgery before the prostate is removed and then taken again on the same ex vivo prostate gland. Comparison between the in vivo and ex vivo results will be made and utilized for improvement of the 2-D GCM and transrectal imaging system. This proposed project is a feasibility study. We wish to show that the GCM is a direct and fast imaging reconstruction algorithm with proven mathematical foundation, leading to an economic and practical NIR imager for prostate cancer detection. Also, by combining the optical tomographic imaging technique with the novel design of transrectal optical probes, the research team has a unique opportunity to obtain optical and physiological signatures of prostate cancer in human, which will enable proper planning of a future trial with a statistically significant number of subjects. The long-term goal is to utilize optically derived signatures as finger-prints of prostate cancer to diagnose the cancer in the future.