Ex vivo analysis of irradiated finger and toe nails as a biodosimeter system Fla

达特茅斯大学U19 CMCR计划的目标是开发基于体外和体内电子顺磁共振(EPR)光谱测量手指/脚趾指甲(“指甲”)或牙齿中的辐射诱导信号(RIS)的现场生物剂量学技术。在本项目(2)中，用于测量钉子的体外EPR方法进一步朝着可现场部署的应用方向发展。为实现这一目标，制定了四个目标，这四个目标涉及信号表征、样本处理和信号去卷积以消除干扰信号、验证测试方法、确定和表征有可能影响RIS信号可变性的因素，以及建立适合非专家操作员和应急管理人员在现场条件下使用的数据采集、处理和输出方法。对未辐照和辐照指甲的总信号、光谱成分进行表征，并对EPR信号的分子基础进行系统的研究是重要的 开发用于将辐射感应信号与机械感应信号(MIS)分离的方法。这些研究的某些方面将利用项目3的数据，该项目将提供没有剪裁的指甲的EPR谱，因此有助于更清楚地区分剪裁过程中信号的来源和性质。这组研究的结果是开发了RIS和MIS信号的光谱分量的基本集，以及被整合到用于提取RIS分量信号的光谱反卷积过程中的单独分量信号的衰减动力学。 RIS和MIS信号的变异性应根据指甲水分含量、人口统计数据(即年龄、种族)、全身变量(怀孕、饮食/补充剂、指甲紊乱)和真菌感染来表征。 最后，描述了一种现场可用的样品采购方法，将样品放入 光谱仪，用于确定剂量的分析软件，以及在校准结果时需要考虑的因素的描述。虽然将与达特茅斯的仪器核心合作，建造一个符合中心总体目标的可实地部署的原型，但该项目将制定在开发和建设中实施的方法。

The objectives ofthe Dartmouth University U19 CMCR program are to develop field biodosimetry techniques that are based on ex vivo and in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry measurements of a radiation-induced signal (RIS) in finger/toe nails ("nails") or teeth. In this project (2), the ex vivo EPR method for measuring nails is further developed towards a field deployable application. To achieve this goal, four objectives have been deflned that address signal characterization, sample treatment and signal deconvolution to remove interfering signals, validation of test methods, identification and characterization of factors that have the potential to impact the variability of the RIS signal, and establish methods for data acquisition, processing and output suitable for use by non-expert operators and ER managers under field conditions. Characterization ofthe overall signal, the spectral components and pursuing a systematic investigation of the molecular basis of the EPR signals in both unirradiated and irradiated nails is important towards developing approaches for separating the radiation-induced signal from a mechanically-induced signal (MIS). Some aspects of these studies will utilize the data from Project 3, which will provide EPR spectra of nails without clipping, and therefore help to differentiate more clearly the origin and nature of the signals from the clipping process. The result of this set of studies is the development of a basis set of spectral components ofthe RIS an MIS signals, coupled with the decay kinetics ofthe separate component signals that are integrated into a spectrum deconvolution procedure for extracting the RIS component signal. Variability in RIS and MIS signals are to be characterized with respect to nail water content, demographics (i.e. age, race), systemic variables (pregnancy, diet/supplements, nail disorders) and fungal infection. Finally, delineating a field-usable method for sample procurement, placement ofthe samples into the spectrometer, the analytic software to determine the dose, and delineation of factors that if present need to be considered in the calibration of the results. While the construction of a field-deployable prototype that meets the overall goals ofthe Center will be carried out in collaboration with the instrumental core at Dartmouth, this project will develop the methodology to be implemented in the development and construction.