Development of Anhedonia in High-Risk Adolescents

 描述（由申请方提供）：拟定的发育精神病理学研究检查了青春期快感缺乏的发展。快感缺乏，或难以体验快乐的预期或响应奖励刺激，是一个连贯的层面内的积极效价系统，有假定的神经相关的额纹状体电路，并与几种形式的严重的精神病理学出现在青春期。快感缺乏是一种严重的症状，很可能出现在青春期，我们认为快感缺乏的发展可能先于情感和精神分裂症谱系精神病理学的发展。具体而言，该研究检查了130名13-17岁青少年在主观，神经和行为方面的发展变化，这些青少年通常正在发展或有一级亲属患有抑郁症，双相情感障碍或精神分裂症谱系障碍。为了了解快感缺乏的发展，拟议的研究的目的包括调查（1）高风险和低风险青少年之间快感缺乏的差异;（2）整个青春期快感缺乏的发展;（3）快感缺乏与抑郁症，躁狂症和精神病之间的关联，包括横截面和纵向。参与者将每年完成3次实验室访视，并在实验室访视之间每6个月进行2次基于互联网的评估。实验室访问包括自我和父母报告的快感缺乏，精神病理学，和功能;功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的额纹状体功能，以响应金钱和社会奖励;和行为任务评估奖励动机和奖励学习。我们将使用纵向增长模型来检验我们的假设。这项研究有望通过阐明快感缺失的发展和病理生理学来推进心理健康研究，快感缺失是精神病理学的一个维度，发生在各种疾病中。由此产生的理解可以为设计创新的、以发展为目标的预防办法提供信息。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed developmental psychopathology study examines the development of anhedonia during adolescence. Anhedonia, or difficulty experiencing pleasure in anticipation of or response to rewarding stimuli, is a coherent dimension within positive valence systems, has putative neural correlates in frontostriatal circuitry, and is relevant to several forms of serious psychopathology that emerge during adolescence. Anhedonia, a serious symptom, is likely to emerge during adolescence, and we propose that the development of anhedonia could precede the development of affective and schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. Specifically, the study examines developmental changes in subjective, neural, and behavioral aspects of anhedonia in 130 adolescents, age 13-17, who are either typically developing or have a first-degree relative with a history of depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. With the goal of understanding the development of anhedonia, the proposed study's aims include investigating (1) differences in anhedonia between high-risk and low-risk adolescents; (2) the development of anhedonia across adolescence; and (3) associations between anhedonia and depression, mania, and psychosis both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Participants will complete 3 laboratory visits at annual intervals and 2 internet-based assessments, scheduled every 6 months between lab visits. Laboratory visits include self- and parent-report of anhedonia, psychopathology, and functioning; functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of frontostriatal function in response to monetary and social rewards; and behavioral tasks assessing reward motivation and reward learning. We will use longitudinal growth modeling to test our hypotheses. This study promises to advance mental health research by elucidating the development and pathophysiology of anhedonia, a dimension of psychopathology that occurs across disorders. Resulting understanding can inform the design of innovative, developmentally targeted prevention approaches.