Infectious Diseases and Child Health in Pakistan Research Training Program.

项目摘要 传染病是巴基斯坦儿童的最大杀手， 5岁以下的死亡。新生儿感染（15%）、妇科疾病（18%）和 肺炎（21%）占巴基斯坦儿童死亡总数的50%以上（世卫组织）。巴基斯坦还 拥有世界上最多的脊髓灰质炎病例，威胁到全球根除 目标.虽然传染病的发病率和死亡率是巨大的，直到这个福格蒂支持， 该计划成立于2007年，巴基斯坦没有正式的传染病培训计划， 疾病，以及具有必要技能的个人的巨大短缺， 对影响巴基斯坦儿童的传染病进行独立研究。 位于卡拉奇的阿加汗大学的儿科和儿童健康系有一个 完善的研究计划，以改善儿童健康和生存在发展中国家 国家通过与亚特兰大埃默里大学和疾病预防控制中心的同事合作，AKU可以提供独特的 向巴基斯坦受训人员提供传染病培训机会。长期目标是 准备一批能够提供证据、领导能力和热情的个人骨干 需要减少具有重大公共卫生意义的儿童感染负担， 巴基斯坦和其他发展中国家。 巴基斯坦传染病和儿童健康研究培训方案 将提供结构化的长期和短期培训（学位和非学位）的机会 课程工作和指导研究），特别侧重于（一）疫苗可预防的 （二）新生儿感染。在这两个领域建立研究技能， 与传染病控制和减少与传染病有关的儿童 巴基斯坦的死亡率。研究和培训领域将包括： 采用新的腹泻疫苗（轮状病毒疫苗）和肺炎疫苗 （肺炎球菌疫苗）、消除麻疹、优化免疫规划;以及 流行病学、发病机理和新生儿感染的治疗。研究生长期培养 将在巴基斯坦进行，在埃默里和疾病预防控制中心进行短期培训， 高级技能开发。来自巴基斯坦的更多受训人员也将受益于 研究方法和研究管理方面的专门培训。 非技术性总结：巴基斯坦的儿童传染病负担非常高 死亡以及脊髓灰质炎等致残性疾病。该培训计划将使个人 将研究必要的技能，以减少新生儿和疫苗感染的负担， 可预防的儿童疾病。

Project Summary Infectious diseases are the biggest killers of children in Pakistan, causing 60% of all child deaths under 5 years of age. Neonatal infections (15%), diarrheal illnesses (18%), and pneumonia (21%) cause over 50% of all child deaths in Pakistan (WHO). Pakistan also harbours the highest numbers of poliomyelitis cases in the world, threatening global eradication goals. Although the infectious morbidity and mortality is huge, until this Fogarty-supported program was established in 2007, Pakistan had no formal training programs in infectious diseases, and a tremendous shortage of individuals with the requisite skills to conduct independent research in infectious diseases affecting Pakistani children. The Department of Pediatrics and Child Health at the Aga Khan University in Karachi has a well-established research program relevant to improving child health and survival in developing countries. In collaboration with colleagues at Emory and CDC in Atlanta, AKU can offer unique training opportunities in infectious diseases to Pakistani trainees. The long-term aim is to prepare a cadre of individuals who will provide the evidence, leadership, and enthusiasm needed to reduce the burden of childhood infections of major public health importance in Pakistan and other developing countries. The Infectious Diseases and Child Health in Pakistan (IDCHIP) Research Training Program will provide opportunities for structured long- and short-term training (degree and non-degree course work and mentored research) with particular focus on (i) vaccine-preventable illnesses and, (ii) neonatal infections. Building research skills in these two areas has particular relevance for infectious disease control and reducing infectious disease-related child mortality in Pakistan. Research training areas will include: polio eradication, sustainable introduction of new vaccines against diarrhea (rotavirus vaccine) and pneumonia (pneumococcal vaccines), measles elimination, optimizing immunization programs; and epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of neonatal infections. Long-term graduate training will be conducted in Pakistan, with short-term training options at Emory and CDC utilized for advanced skills development. A larger group of trainees from Pakistan will also benefit from specialized training in research methodology and research management. Non-technical Summary: Pakistan has a very high burden of infectious disease-related child deaths as well as crippling diseases such as polio. This training program will equip individuals will research skills necessary to reduce the burden of infections in newborn babies and vaccine- preventable childhood illnesses.