Vector Biology Research and Integrated Vector Management For Malaria Control

要在拉丁美洲的非亚马逊地区成功控制和最终消灭疟疾，就需要有效控制作为疟疾媒介的按蚊。ICEMR网络的每个国家，哥伦比亚、危地马拉、巴拿马和秘鲁，都有一个以病媒控制为特色的国家疟疾控制计划(NMCP)。然而，由于关于作为疟疾媒介的按蚊种类的信息不足、关于人为环境变化对疟疾寄生虫传播动态的影响的不确定性、病媒控制的有效工具有限、以及未完全发展的NMCP综合病媒管理组成部分，有效性受到限制。 该项目的目标是解决我们在了解疟疾按蚊媒介的生态、行为、媒介潜力和控制方面的主要差距，以指导制定和实施更有效的非传染性疟疾综合防治战略。根据这一ICEMR网络中代表各国学术机构和NMCP的团队成员的大量初步数据和经验，研究的优先事项侧重于直接影响病媒控制行动未来成功的关键科学问题。 该项目包括3个具体目标：1)调查疟疾病媒物种的生态、行为和疟疾寄生虫传播潜力，以确定有助于更有效的定向病媒控制的关键因素；2)确定ICEMR网络中每个国家的已知和疑似疟疾病媒物种对恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫的先天病媒能力有何不同；3)评估NMCP目前病媒控制业务的有效性，并对新的病媒控制产品进行多国现场试验，这些产品可以加强NMCP与NMCP合作实施有效的IVM病媒控制战略的能力，ICEMR小组将通过加强和评估NMCP的IVM组成部分的迭代过程，展示研究成果对改善非亚马孙地区生态多样化地区病媒控制的转化价值。

Successful malaria control and eventual elimination in the non-Amazonian region of Latin America requires effective control of Anopheles mosquitoes that serve as malaria vectors. Each country of this ICEMR network, Colombia, Guatemala, Panama, and Peru, has a National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) that features vector control. However, effectiveness is limited by insufficient information on species of Anopheles mosquitoes that serve as malaria vectors, uncertainties regarding the impact of anthropogenic environmental changes on the dynamics of malaria parasite transmission, limited effective tools for vector control, and incompletely developed integrated vector management (IVM) components of NMCPs. The goal of this project is to address major gaps in our understanding of the ecology, behavior, vector potential, and control of Anopheles malaria vectors to guide the development and implementation of more effective IVM strategies of NMCPs. Based on extensive preliminary data and experience of team members representing academic institutions and NMCPs in each country within this ICEMR network, priorities for research focus on key scientific questions that have a direct bearing on the future success of vector control operations. This project includes 3 specific aims: 1) investigate the ecology, behavior, and malaria parasite transmission potential of malaria vector species to identify key factors that would facilitate more effective targeted vector control, 2) determine how known and suspected malaria vector species from each country in the ICEMR network differ in their innate vector competence for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, and 3) assess the efficacy of current vector control operations of NMCPs and conduct multi-country field trials of new vector control products that may strengthen capacities of NMCPs to implement effective IVM strategies for vector control, In partnership with NMCPs, the ICEMR team will demonstrate the translational value of research outcomes for improving vector control in ecologically diverse areas o f t he non-Amazonian region through an iterative process of strengthening and evaluating IVM components of NMCPs.