Distress Intolerance on Smoking Lapse among Motivated vs. Unmotivated Smokers

描述(申请人提供)：由于吸烟率在过去十年中基本稳定，大多数吸烟者对在不久的将来戒烟不感兴趣，没有动机的吸烟者是公共卫生努力的重要目标人群。在尚未准备戒烟的吸烟者中诱导戒烟尝试的临床干预措施在可用性和有效性方面是有限的。由于戒烟尝试会导致尼古丁戒断带来明显的情感和躯体痛苦症状，因此，无法或不愿忍受这种痛苦自然会阻碍吸烟者甚至尝试戒烟，就像一旦尝试戒烟就会阻碍成功一样。关于痛苦不耐受(DI)的文献几乎只关注后者(例如，作为复发的预测指标)，对前者的关注很少(例如，破坏戒烟动机)。这项拟议的研究将评估吸烟者中有戒烟动机和没有戒烟动机的吸烟者之间的DI，以及在实验室模拟任务中DI对吸烟失误行为的影响。研究结果有望确定组间差异，有助于澄清DI和戒烟动机之间的关系。由于DI是一个有希望的干预目标，结果有望为治疗策略提供参考，这些策略可能有助于在不准备戒烟的吸烟者中培养动力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Because the rate of smoking has largely stabilized over the past decade and most smokers are uninterested in quitting in the near future, unmotivated smokers represent an important population to target for public health efforts. Clinical interventions that induce quit attempts among smokers who are not yet ready to quit are limited in availability and effectiveness. Since quit attempts introduce marked symptoms of affective and somatic distress due to nicotine withdrawal, it stands to reason that inability or unwillingness to endure this distress impedes smokers from even trying to quit, just as it impedes success once an attempt is made. The literature on distress intolerance (DI) focuses almost exclusively on the latter (e.g., as a predictor of relapse), with very little focus on the former (e.g., undermining motivation to quit). The proposed study will assess DI among and between smokers who are vs. are not motivated to quit, as well as the impact of DI on smoking lapse behavior in a laboratory analog task. Findings are expected to identify between-group differences that help to clarify relationships between DI and motivation to quit smoking. As DI is a promising target for intervention, results are expected to inform treatment strategies that may help to foster motivation among smokers not ready to quit.