Development and Validation of Implementation Climate Measures

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将开发可能影响循证实践实施的组织氛围、领导力和提供者行为的措施。尽管在干预措施开发方面进行了大量投资，但在有效干预措施的开发与有效实施之间存在很大差距。组织环境可能是有效实施的关键障碍，因此是制定和改进实施战略的重要目标。然而，很少有可靠和有效的措施来评估组织环境支持或限制有效实施的程度。虽然一般的组织文化和气候的全球措施是可用的，建议的研究重点是战略气候。战略环境涉及到组织中的政策、实践、程序和奖励制度在多大程度上加强了特定目标的优先级。当应用于EBP实施时，一个有效的“实施氛围”捕捉到员工对创新（如EBP）的实施受到组织重视、奖励和支持的程度。当员工看到组织重视ebp及其实施时，更有可能产生有效的实施结果。组织文献也提出了两个密切相关的构式的重要性，即执行领导和执行公民行为。心理健康和社会服务经理在其团队的成功中发挥着关键作用，包括激励和支持员工以及支持组织变革。以同样的方式，气候可以集中在特定的战略目标上，领导力也可以支持特定的战略要求。当领导者传达EBP实施的优先级时，他们的“实施领导力”是形成实施氛围的直接前提。另一个结构，“实现公民行为”，表示员工努力超越要求的遵从性来支持EBP的实现。拟议的研究将制定一套可用于评估实施环境、实施领导力和实施公民行为的措施。通过提供可靠和有效的措施来评估实施气候、实施领导和实施公民行为，以及可能影响有效的EBP实施和维持的结构，所提出的措施将推进实施科学。这些措施还通过提供对组织环境的预先评估和使战略的制定能够加速有效实施，从而支持实施实践。本研究将评估量表之因子结构、信度、建构及标准相关效度，并透过心理健康、儿童福利及酒精/药物服务三种公共服务环境之因子结构验证，评估其普遍性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will develop measures of organizational climate, leadership, and provider behaviors likely to impact the implementation of evidence-based practices. Despite significant investments in intervention development, there is a large gap between the development of effective interventions and effective implementation. Organizational context can be a critical barrier for effective implementation, and thus is an important target for developing and improving implementation strategies. However, there are few reliable and valid measures to assess the degree to which organizational context either supports or limits effective implementation. Although global measures of general organizational culture and climate are available, the focus of the proposed research is on strategic climate. Strategic climate involves the extent to which the policies, practices, procedures, and reward systems in an organization reinforce the prioritization of a specific goal. When applied to EBP implementation, an effective "implementation climate" captures the extent to which employees perceive that the implementation of an innovation, such as EBP, is valued, rewarded, and supported by the organization. When employees see that an organization values EBPs and their implementation, effective implementation outcomes are more likely to result. The organizational literature also suggests the importance of two closely related constructs, implementation leadership and implementation citizenship behavior. Mental health and social service managers play a critical role in the success of their teams, including motivating and supporting staff and supporting organizational change. In the same way that climates can be focused on specific strategic goals, leadership can also support specific strategic imperatives. When leaders communicate the priority of EBP implementation, their "implementation leadership" is a direct antecedent to the formation of an implementation climate. Another construct, "implementation citizenship behavior," represents employee efforts to go beyond required compliance to support EBP implementation. The proposed study will develop a suite of measures that can be used to assess implementation climate, implementation leadership, and implementation citizenship behavior. The proposed measures would advance implementation science by providing reliable and valid measures to assess implementation climate, implementation leadership, and implementation citizenship behavior, constructs likely to impact effective EBP implementation and sustainment. The measures also support implementation practice by providing a pre-assessment of organizational context and enabling the development of strategies to accelerate effective implementation. This study will assess the factor structure, reliability, and construct ad criterion-related validity of the measures, and then assess generalizability by validating the factor structure across three public sector service settings: mental health, child welfare, and alcohol/drug services.