2014 Thiol-based Redox Regulation & Signaling GRC and GRS

描述(由申请人提供)：本提案请求支持第五届戈登研究会议，以及将于2014年7月19-20日(GRS)/20-25(GRC)在西班牙吉罗纳的Melia Golf Vichy Catalan举行的关于硫醇氧化还原调节和信号的第二次相关戈登研究研讨会。这次会议的副标题是“从氧化还原生物学和化学到衰老和相关疾病”，反映了即将到来的会议的重点，即基于氧化还原的蛋白质功能修饰所支配的基本细胞过程，以及在衰老过程中发生的这些过程的失调及其相关病理。氧化还原生物学是一个包罗万象的术语，指的是生物分子中发生的大量还原和氧化过程。戈登会议特别关注半胱氨酸和蛋氨酸残基的修饰对蛋白质功能的氧化还原调节，以及调节这些残基的氧化还原状态的试剂。这些系统包括细胞蛋白还原酶和氧化酶系统，以及内源和外源活性氧和氮物种--分别是硫磺反应的ROS和RNS。基于硫醇的氧化还原过程是许多细胞过程的基础，这些过程在衰老和相关疾病期间会发生变化。这些包括蛋白质氧化折叠和分泌、线粒体功能、氧、ROS和RNS传感和信号、ROS和RNS代谢、DNA合成和基因表达。鉴于衰老和相关疾病被怀疑是氧化还原稳态逐渐破坏的结果，更好地描述细胞过程中的氧化还原成分将有助于确定生物系统是否以及如何容易受到生理变化和疾病发展的影响。在美国(2006年和2012年)和意大利(2008年和2010年)举行的四次非常成功的会议之后，这次跨学科会议进入了第五个周期。与过去一样，它将为从事该领域各个方面工作的化学家、生物化学家、分子和细胞生物学家、生理学家和临床医生之间提供一个自由交流思想和方法的重要场所。虽然会议的主题领域是广泛的，但它与老龄化和相关疾病(如炎症、蛋白质聚集性疾病)的相关性以及对理解人类生理学和病理学的分子基础具有重要意义。通过将在生物物理方法、生物信息学以及动物和细胞模型系统方面具有不同专业知识的研究人员与专注于疾病过程的临床研究人员和医生聚集在一起，会议预计将进一步促进合作并促进科学进步，前几次会议的成功就是例证。在GRC之前，将第二次举行戈登研究研讨会(GRS)(2014年7月19日至20日)，该研讨会将为研究生和博士后科学家提供正式介绍研究和参与科学讨论的机会。我们预计，这将继续吸引和增加年轻科学家进入氧化还原生物学和老龄化领域。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for the Fifth Gordon Research Conference, and second associated Gordon Research Seminar on Thiol-Based Redox Regulation and Signaling to be held at the Melia Golf Vichy Catalan, Girona, Spain on July 19-20 (GRS) / 20-25 (GRC) 2014. The subtitle of this conference, "From Redox Biology and Chemistry to Aging and Associated Diseases," reflects the focus of the upcoming meeting on the fundamental cellular processes that are governed by redox-based modifications of protein function, and on the dysregulation of these processes that occur during aging and its associated pathologies. Redox biology is an all-encompassing term that refers to the multitude of reduction and oxidation processes occurring in biological molecules. This Gordon conference focuses specifically on the redox regulation of protein function by modification of cysteine and methionine residues and on the agents that modulate the redox state of these residues. These include both cellular protein reductase and oxidase systems, and endogenous and exogenous reactive oxygen and nitrogen species - ROS and RNS, respectively that are sulfur-reactive. Thiol-based redox processes underlie many cellular processes that are altered during aging and associated diseases. These include protein oxidative folding and secretion, mitochondrial functions, oxygen, ROS and RNS sensing and signaling, ROS and RNS metabolism, DNA synthesis and gene expression. Given that aging and associated diseases are suspected to result from progressive breakdown of redox homeostasis, a better description of the redox components in cellular processes will help establish whether and how biological systems are susceptible to physiological alterations and disease development. This interdisciplinary conference is in its fifth cycle after four very successful meetings in the U.S. (2006 and 2012) and Italy (2008 and 2010). It will provide, as it has in the past, an important venue for the free exchange of ideas and methodologies among the chemists, biochemists, molecular and cell biologists, physiologists, and clinicians working on various aspects of the field. While the thematic area of the conference is broad-based, its relevance to aging and associated diseases (e.g., inflammation, protein aggregation diseases) and for understanding the molecular basis of human physiology and pathology is highly significant. By bringing together investigators with varied expertise in biophysical methods, bioinformatics and animal and cellular model systems, with clinical researchers and physicians focused on disease processes, the meeting is expected to further stimulate collaborations and catalyze scientific progress as has been exemplified by the successes of the previous meetings. For the second time, the GRC will be preceded by a Gordon Research Seminar (GRS) (July 19-20, 2014), which will provide an opportunity for graduate students and postdoctoral scientists to formally present research and engage in scientific discussions. We expect this to continue to attract and increase retention of young scientists to the field of redox biology and aging.