COMPONENT 7: Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and

这一改进酒精消费测量和问题研究的方法学继续着中心的研究，以提高酒精测量的精确度，在研究设计和临床人群测量方面做出创新。为了实现这一点，我们指定了三个新的方法论分研究。分研究1分析了2009/10年度(N12)和2014/15年度(N13)全国酒精调查中无线(手机)和固定电话样本的数据。预计到2015年，仅使用无线网络的人口将占美国人口的30%。因此，接触到仅有无线网络的家庭对于确保具有全国代表性的样本至关重要。子研究1通过电话采访模式严格检查与酒精相关的结果的差异，并评估方法，如倾向评分、样本选择方法和仅在固定电话样本中的加权，以调整使用个人的无线设备的遗漏/代表不足。结果将为酒类领域提供信息，并优化未来的全国调查。针对NIAAA对特殊人群的研究的优先事项，分研究2侧重于分析跨国急诊室研究中关于伤害和酒精及酒精可归因性的相对风险的病例交叉研究的偏差。它将新的和创新的方法应用于AAF的估计和修改，这些方法以前没有在全国范围内探索过。研究结果将通过考虑酒精与伤害关系的关键情景混杂因素来改进病例交叉设计。预计结果还将对全球疾病负担估计产生国内和国际影响，从而影响酒精对世界公共卫生的意义。子研究3考察项目功能的变异性 这项审计是一种广泛使用的酒精使用障碍筛查工具，使用项目反应理论(IRT)对跨国和NAS数据进行分析。这项分研究解决了NIAAA的研究重点，即更好地理解AUD诊断在人口、种族和文化亚群之间的不同可靠性和有效性。它将在审计的项目反应偏差中确定个人和宏观因素，如饮酒文化和性别不平等。预计这些发现将为临床和研究指南提供参考，以改进酒精筛查和测量，为跨国家和美国境内的特定亚群量身定做。

This Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and Problems research component continues Center research to improve precision of alcohol measurement, make innovations in research design and measures for clinical populations. To accomplish this we specify three new methodological sub-studies. Sub-Study 1 analyzes data from wireless (cell-phone) and landline telephone samples in the 2009/10 (N12) and 2014/15 (N13) National Alcohol Surveys. The wireless-only population is projected to comprise 30% of the U.S. population by 2015. Thus, reaching wireless-only households is crucial to securing nationally representative samples. Sub-Study 1 critically examines differences in alcohol-related outcomes by telephone interviewing mode and evaluates methods, such as propensity score, sample selection approaches, and weighting in landline-only samples to adjust for omission/under-representation of wireless using individuals. Results will inform the alcohol field and optimize future national surveys. Addressing NIAAA priorities of research on special populations, Sub-Study 2 focuses on analysis of biases from case-crossover studies on the relative risk of injury and alcohol and alcohol-attributable fraction in cross-national emergency room studies. It applies new and innovative methods towards AAF estimation and modifications that have not previously explored cross-nationally. Findings will improve the case-crossover design by accounting for key situational confounders of the alcohol-injury relationship. Results are also expected to have domestic and international impact on global burden of disease estimates and thereby on the worldwide public health significance of alcohol. Sub-Study 3 examines variability in item functioning of the AUDIT, a widely used alcohol use disorder screening tool, using item response theory (IRT) analyses on cross-national and NAS data. This sub-study addresses the NIAAA research priority of better understanding differential reliability and validity of AUD diagnoses among demographic, ethnic, and cultural subgroups. It will identify individual and macro-level factors, such as drinking culture and gender inequity, in item response biases for the AUDIT. Findings are expected to inform clinical and research guidelines for improved alcohol screening and measurement, tailored to specific subgroups, both cross-nationally and within the US.