Pilot Core

两个首要问题指导着NBER罗伊巴尔中心的活动： (1)哪些因素影响家庭的健康和储蓄决策？ (2)哪些基于行为经济学机制的干预措施会产生行为改变？ 我们通过应用和测试经济学，心理学和其他领域的模型来研究这些问题。 行为科学我们特别感兴趣的是确定具有成本效益和 可扩展性和显著改变行为。我们使用多种方法，包括现场 实验，自然实验，实验室实验和应用理论。 国家经济研究局罗伊巴尔中心强调个人决策，这是一个重点，特别是有关 鉴于个人选择在健康和储蓄领域的作用越来越大。今天，个人 他们自己通过固定缴款养老金计划等机构发挥着关键的决策作用， 个人退休账户、健康保险交易所和消费者驱动的医疗保健。关于保险计划的决定， 提供者选择、饮食、锻炼、药物依从性、预防保健、退休储蓄率、资产 分配和退休财富积累的责任落在个人身上，而不是雇主或政府。 国家经济研究局罗伊巴尔中心寻求机会，从研究中翻译基础科学成果， 将健康和老龄化的经济学转化为实际应用，以改善健康和经济福祉， 年纪大了我们还翻译了在退休领域开发的成功的行为干预措施 健康领域的储蓄，反之亦然。 我们的第一批试点将解决以下问题。(1)储蓄可以通过转向增加吗 当贷款全部偿还时，将贷款偿还额转为储蓄供款？(2)不同的效果是什么 在承诺将来开始储蓄时，延迟视野？(3)可观察性和反馈 提高医护人员的手部卫生？(4)年化率能否大幅提高 制定年金化决策并改变默认值？(5)积极的选择干预能否提高 采用临终医疗护理高级指令的家庭比例？(6)什么决定 储蓄流入健康储蓄账户，有这种储蓄账户的家庭使用医疗服务， 账户？

Two overarching questions guide the activities of the NBER Roybal Center: (1) What factors influence households' health and savings decisions? (2) Which interventions based on mechanisms in behavioral economics generate behavior change? We study these questions by applying and testing models in economics, psychology, and other behavioral sciences. We are particularly interested in identifying interventions that are cost-effective and scalable and that significantly change behavior. We use a wide range of methods, including field experiments, natural experiments, laboratory experiments, and applied theory. The NBER Roybal Center emphasizes individual decision-making, a focus that is particularly relevant in light of the growing role of individual choice in the health and savings domains. Today individuals themselves play a key decision-making role through institutions like defined contribution pension plans, IRAs, health insurance exchanges, and consumer-driven health care. Decisions about insurance plans, provider choice, diet, exercise, medication adherence, preventive care, retirement savings rates, asset allocation, and retirement wealth decumulation fall on the individual and not on employers or governments. The NBER Roybal Center seeks out opportunities for translating basic science results from research in the economics of health and aging into practical applications that improve health and economic well-being at older ages. We also translate successful behavioral interventions developed in the domain of retirement savings to the domain of health and, vice versa. Our first set of pilots will address the following questions. (1) Can savings can be increased by turning loan repayments into savings contributions when the loan is fully repaid? (2) What is the effect of different delay horizons when committing to start saving in the future? (3) How does observability and feedback increase hand hygiene among healthcare workers? (4) Can annuitization rates be increased by broadly framing the annuitization decision and changing the default? (5) Can an active choice intervention raise the fraction of households that adopt an advanced directive for end of life medical care? (6) What determines the savings flows into Health Savings Accounts and the use of medical services by households with such accounts?