Socioemotional Functioning in Adulthood and Old Age

越来越多的证据表明，情绪的体验和调节在后一种情况下保持得很好 寿命的年限，甚至可能会提高。在这次相互竞争的更新中，我们提出了七项研究，这些研究将 阐述这种明显的发展转变的可能原因和后果。我们的实验室有 积累了大量证据表明老年人比他们更深入地处理情感信息 非情绪性信息，我们已经确定了一种可靠的模式，在这种模式下，老年人关注并更好地 记住积极(而不是消极)的信息。我们推测，这些年龄差异可能反映了 有助于有效调节情绪的发育变化。在该继续申请中， 我们提出了几项研究，利用不同的方法，旨在更深入地了解 我们在较早的拨款年中确定的行为，并将理论上衍生的知识应用于领域 具有很高的社会意义。在三项研究中，我们将比较年长和年轻的焦虑症，评估冥想者 受过释放强烈情绪的训练，并考察了明显优越和低劣的子样本 情绪调节器，以获得对年龄和个人的更深入和更全面的了解 在有效的情绪调节方面的差异。在另外三项研究中，我们将测试关于记忆的假设 与健康相关的公共服务公告，无论是积极的还是消极的，在 对健康治疗的偏好作为一种功能时间范围，以及鼓励 对情绪的依赖可能会改善医疗保健决策。除了这些新的研究方向，我们 请求继续支持情绪体验纵向研究中的第四波数据收集 从1993年开始，这样就可以在随时间变化的背景下了解已查明的年龄差异。

There is increasing evidence that the experience and regulation of emotion is well-maintained in the later years of the life span, and may even improve. In this competing renewal, we propose seven studies that will address possible reasons for, and consequences of, this apparent developmental shift. Our laboratory has amassed considerable evidence that older people process emotional information more deeply than they do non-emotional information, and we have identified a reliable pattern in which older adults attend to and better remember positive (as opposed to negative) information. We postulate that these age differences may reflect developmental changes that contribute to the effective regulation of emotion. In this continuation application, we propose several studies utilizing diverse methodologies aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the behavior we have identified in earlier grant years, and applying theoretically-derived knowledge to domains of high social significance. In three studies we will compare older and younger dysphorics, assess meditators schooled in the release of strong emotions, and examine a subsample of distinctively superior and inferior emotion regulators to obtain a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of age and individual differences in effective emotion regulation. In three other studies we will test hypotheses about memory for health-related public service announcements framed in either positive or negative terms, differences in preferences for health treatments as a function time horizons, and ways in which instructions that encourage reliance on emotion may improve health care decisions. In addition to these new research directions, we request continued support for a fourth wave of data collection in a longitudinal study of emotional experience begun in 1993, so that identified age differences can be understood in the context of change over time.