The Contribution of Anatomic Pathology to the Health of Women and Children

描述(由申请者提供)：本提案请求支持将于2013年11月4日至7日在尼日利亚阿布贾举行的第二届哈佛大学继续医学教育(CME)会议，该会议每年两次，题为解剖病理学对妇女和儿童健康的贡献。第一次会议于2011年6月在埃塞俄比亚举行，取得了巨大成功。通过在尼日利亚举行第二次会议，我们希望有许多来自西非国家的与会者，这些国家的人口统计学在埃塞俄比亚会议上的代表性较差。这些会议旨在强调病理学在帮助实现联合国千年发展目标(MDG)以降低孕产妇和儿童死亡率方面的重要性。病理数据/诊断不足严重阻碍了对这两类死亡率的估计，从而限制了成功实现联合国千年发展目标的有效战略的制定。这些死亡率在撒哈拉以南非洲尤其站不住脚，那里的产妇死亡率估计是美国的50至100倍。尽管缺乏可靠数据的原因是多方面和复杂的，但准确诊断死亡原因可能是设计有效的改善政策的宝贵工具。目前，解剖病理学在非洲的获取和参与及其在获取准确数据方面的作用有限。缺乏参与的一个主要原因是非洲缺乏训练有素的病理学家，特别是那些专注于产妇和新生儿病理学教育的病理学家。优化病理学参与的机制包括提供有针对性的教育机会，以提高诊断技能，协调努力，标准化标准，激发兴趣，并刺激合作。一项迫切需要的努力是鼓励非洲的医学生攻读病理学专业。我们希望通过在撒哈拉以南非洲举行这些有重点的会议，并为有经济需要的非洲病理学家和受训人员提供奖学金，来促进这些努力。通过在非洲举行会议，我们希望激发发达国家病理学家与来自非洲国家的同事互动/合作的兴趣。我们计划向有经济负担的病理学家提供慷慨的奖学金(全额和部分)，特别是那些在培训中的病理学家。本课程旨在包括与孕产妇和儿童病理学有关的主题的授课单元和协作讲习班。我们计划利用研讨会开始开发有用的收入模板，解剖诊断的标准化，以及开发监测技术的模式。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests support for the second biannual unique Harvard Continuing Medical Education (CME) meeting entitled The Contribution of Anatomic Pathology to the Health of Women and Children, to be held in Abuja, Nigeria November 4 - 7, 2013. The first meeting was held in Ethiopia June of 2011 and was a great success. By holding this, the second conference, in Nigeria we hope to have many attendees from Western African countries, demography less well represented at the Ethiopian Conference. The meetings are designed to highlight the importance of pathology in helping meet the United Nations' (UN) Millennium Developmental Goals (MDG) to reduce maternal and childhood mortality. Estimates of mortality rates in these two categories are severely hampered by insufficient pathologic data/diagnoses limiting the development of effective strategies for success at achieving the UN MDG. These mortality rates are especially untenable in sub-Saharan Africa where the maternal mortality rate is estimated at from 50 to 100 times that of the United States. Although the reasons for the lack of reliable data are many and complicated, getting accurate diagnoses of the causes of deaths could be a valuable tool to design effective policies for improvement. Currently anatomic pathology access and involvement in Africa and its role in procuring accurate data is limited. A major reason for this lack of involvement is the scarcity of trained pathologists in Africa, especially those with the focused education on maternal and neonatal pathology. Mechanisms to optimize pathology involvement include offering focused educational opportunities to improve diagnostic skills and to coordinate efforts, standardize criteria, inspire interest, and stimulate collaboration. One desperately needed effort is to encourage medical students in Africa to pursue pathology specialization. We hope to facilitate these efforts by having these focused meetings in sub-Saharan Africa, and offering scholarships for African pathologists and trainees with financial needs. By having the meeting take place in Africa, we hope to stimulate interest from pathologists in developed countries to interact/collaborate with their colleagues from African countries. We plan to offer generous scholarships (full and partial) to pathologists with financial burdens, especially those in trainin. The course is designed to include lecture based modules on topics related to maternal and children's pathology and workshops for collaboration. We plan to use the workshops to start to develop useful grossing templates, standardization of anatomic diagnoses, and schemas for developing surveillance techniques.