Family Engagement and Change Process During Substance Abuse Prevention for Youth

描述（由申请人提供）：许多药物滥用预防性干预计划现在已经达到了循证干预（EBI）的标准，证明了对登记者的总体有效性（Catalano等人，2012; Kumpfer &阿尔瓦拉多，2003）。然而，正如影响的变化所表明的那样，一些参与者从这些EBI中受益比其他人更多。在证据的这个阶段，需要更多的研究来解释EBI如何工作以及为谁工作（Kazdin，2004; Sandler等人，2011年）。具体来说，在实施EBI期间的变化过程在很大程度上是一个谜（Kazdin，2007）。为了加强对EBI引起的变化的研究，这项工作将侧重于以家庭为基础的干预措施的变化过程（SFP：10-14），并将包括检查（1）每周参与计划会议作为变化异质性的调节剂，（2）功能变化的过程，使用密集的纵向数据评估每周养育/家庭过程，以及（3）将这些变化过程与传统的基线和后测试措施相关联，以检查哪些变化模式是最佳的。这项研究将为未来使用日常数据收集来调查计划效果铺平道路，这特别适合于 评估的变化机制（梅尔和康纳，2012年），并将告知有希望的途径，以加强EBI的影响。这项工作将为我提供机会，专注于我的研究和培训目标，因为我准备作为一个独立的调查员的职业生涯。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Numerous substance-abuse preventive intervention programs have now reached the standard of being evidence-based interventions (EBIs) by demonstrating overall effectiveness for those who enroll (Catalano et al., 2012; Kumpfer & Alvarado, 2003). However, as indicated by variation in effects, some participants benefit from these EBIs more than others. At this stage of evidence, more research is needed to explain how EBIs work and for whom (Kazdin, 2004; Sandler et al., 2011). Specifically, the process of change during implementation of EBIs is largely a mystery (Kazdin, 2007). To strengthen research on EBI-induced change, this work will focus on the process of change in a family-based intervention (SFP: 10-14) and will include examination of (1) weekly engagement in program sessions as a moderator of the heterogeneity in change, (2) the process of change in functioning, using intensive longitudinal data to assess weekly parenting/family processes, and (3) associating these processes of change to traditional baseline to post-test measures to examine which patterns of change are optimal. This research will pave the way for future investigation into program effects using daily data collection, which is particularly suited to the evaluation of mechanisms of change (Mehl & Conner, 2012) and will inform promising avenues to bolster the effects of EBIs. This work will provide me with the opportunity to focus on my research and training goals as I prepare for a career as an independent investigator.