Violence Screening in College Health Centers

项目概述亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性暴力（SV）是女大学生面临的重大公共卫生问题。与男性、其他年龄段的女性以及非大学校园的同龄女性相比，18-25岁的女大学生更容易经历性侵犯。除了SV外，这个年龄组的IPV发病率也最高。每年大约有130万至530万妇女经历IPV。IPV和SV对健康有直接影响，如伤害和死亡、性传播感染、意外怀孕和心理困扰。对健康的长期影响包括慢性疼痛、胃肠道紊乱、焦虑、偏头痛、抑郁和创伤后应激障碍。这一问题的重要性反映在以下事实中：“ 2020年健康人”的七项目标侧重于减少IPV和SV（目标：青少年健康11.4、伤害和暴力预防39.1-3和40.1-3）。根据大学卫生保健提供者（HCPs）的报告，不到37%的大学卫生中心在常规摄入表格中包含SV问题；不到50%的大学HCPs在妇科就诊时评估SV。亲密伴侣暴力筛查的发生频率甚至低于性暴力筛查。虽然有一些描述性研究在特定的环境（例如，妇产科，初级保健）中检查了IPV和SV筛查，但所有研究都完全依赖于HCP自我报告，没有一个包括大学卫生中心。因此，本研究将采用横断面定量调查设计，从高校医务人员和女大学生的角度探讨IPV/SV筛查，并确定促进或阻碍高校医务人员IPV和SV筛查行为的因素，以制定促进常规IPV和SV筛查建议的干预措施。在目标1中，我们将检查女性在大学健康中心预约进行IPV/SV筛查的经历。目的2将检查高校HCPs报告的IPV/SV筛查行为和筛查相关的态度、信念、意图，以及对促进或抑制IPV/SV筛查的组织因素的看法。最后，Aim 3将比较高校HCPs和女大学生报告的IPV/SV筛查率。在这个理论驱动的建议的结论中，我们将从hcp和女大学生的角度扩展我们对IPV/SV筛查的理解，并将确定干预发展的可修改和不可修改的因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Violence screening in college health centers: Predictors and missed opportunities Project Summary Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are significant public health issues for female college students. Female college students, ages 18-25, are significantly more likely to experience SV, compared to men, women of other age groups, and same age women who are not on college campuses. In addition to SV, the highest rates of IPV are also found in this age group. Approximately 1.3 to 5.3 million women experience IPV each year. IPV and SV have immediate health effects such as injuries and death, sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and psychological distress. Long-term health effects include chronic pain, gastrointestinal disorders, anxiety, migraine headaches, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The significance of the problem is reflected in the fact that seven "Healthy People 2020" objectives focus on reducing IPV and SV (objectives: Adolescent Health 11.4, Injury and Violence Prevention 39.1-3 & 40.1-3). According to college health care providers' (HCPs) reports, fewer than 37% of college health centers include SV questions in routine intake forms; less than 50% of college HCPs assess for SV during gynecologic visits. Intimate partner violence screening occurs even less often than sexual violence screening. Although a few descriptive studies have examined IPV and SV screening in select settings (e.g., OB/GYN, primary care), all relied exclusively in HCP self-report and none included college health centers. Thus, in order to develop interventions to promote the uptake of routine IPV and SV screening recommendations, in college health centers, the proposed study will utilize a cross-sectional quantitative survey design to explore IPV/SV screening from the perspectives of both HCPs and college women, and identify factors that promote or impede college HCPs' IPV and SV screening behaviors. For Aim 1, we will examine women's experiences with IPV/SV screening in appointments at college health centers. Aim 2 will examine college HCPs' reports of IPV/SV screening behaviors and screening-related attitudes, beliefs, intentions, and perceptions of organizational factors that promote or inhibit IPV/SV screening. Finally, Aim 3 will compare the IPV/SV screening rates reported by college HCPs and female college students. At the conclusion of this theoretically driven proposal we will have expanded our understanding of IPV/SV screening from the perspectives of both HCPs and college women, and will have identified modifiable and non-modifiable factors for intervention development.