Cancer Immunology (CI) (Project-001)

癌症免疫学研究计划 项目负责人：Nina Bhardwaj，医学博士，Miriam Merad博士，医学博士 癌症进展的特征是免疫系统在多个水平上逐渐失调，即 被认为是不受控制的肿瘤生长的直接原因。癌症免疫学的中心主题 (CI)研究方案是确定抑制有效的抗肿瘤免疫的潜在机制 这可能会指导新的有效免疫疗法的开发。树突状细胞(DC)，有效 抗原提呈细胞，启动抗肿瘤免疫反应，随后由CD4+介导 辅助性细胞和细胞毒性T细胞。免疫学家历来专注于确定肿瘤的作用。 浸润性T细胞(TIL)抑制肿瘤生长，但有新的证据表明，天然免疫细胞， 如DC和巨噬细胞，受肿瘤微环境(TME)和主要 肿瘤进展的贡献者。 CI研究计划有三个主要的科学目标。它们是为了：1)描述机制 肿瘤微环境中潜在的树突状细胞和巨噬细胞免疫失调；2)临床前 逆转先天免疫功能障碍和恢复对肿瘤相关抗原的免疫原性的模型，以及 3)将临床前的发现转化为癌症免疫治疗试验。 CI计划有21名成员，他们代表10个部门和3个研究所(Tisch癌症 免疫研究所、伊坎基因组学和多尺度生物学研究所)。截至2014年7月1日， 计划成员获得了4,016,010美元的NCI和其他同行评议的癌症相关直接支持。 CI计划的成员在以高影响力发表他们的研究方面越来越成功 日记。自2011年以来，CI计划成员发布了163份报告，其中14.7%是方案内报告 23.9%的方案间。

ABSTRACT – CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH PROGRAM Program Leaders: Nina Bhardwaj, MD, PhD Miriam Merad, MD, PhD Cancer progression is characterized by gradual dysregulation of the immune system at multiple levels that is considered to directly contribute to unchecked tumor growth. The central theme of the Cancer Immunology (CI) Research Program is to identify mechanisms underlying the suppression of effective anti-tumor immunity that could instruct the development of novel and impactful immunotherapies. Dendritic cells (DCs), potent antigen presenting cells, initiate anti-tumor immune responses, which are subsequently mediated by CD4+ helper cells and cytotoxic T cells. Immunologists have historically focused on characterizing the role of tumor infiltrating T cells (TILs) in restraining tumor growth, but there is emerging evidence that innate immune cells, such as DC and macrophages, are strongly affected by the tumor micro-environment (TME) and major contributors to tumor progression. The CI Research Program has three main scientific objectives. They are to: 1) Characterize mechanisms underlying DC and macrophage immune dysregulation in the tumor micro-environment; 2) Develop preclinical models to reverse innate immune dysfunction and restore immunogenicity to tumor associated antigens, and 3) Translate preclinical discoveries into cancer immunotherapy trials. The CI program has 21 members, and they represent 10 departments and 3 institutes (The Tisch Cancer Institute, Immunology Institute, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology). As of July 1, 2014, program members were awarded $4,016,010 in NCI and other peer reviewed cancer-related direct support. Members of the CI Program have been increasingly successful in publishing their research in high impact journals. Since 2011, CI program members published 163 reports, of which 14.7% were intra-programmatic and 23.9% inter-programmatic.