Immigration Enforcement and the Health of Immigrants and their Children

 描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在了解州和县移民执法法律如何影响无证移民的健康（定义为在美国境外出生且未被授权在美国居住或工作的个人）。还有他们的孩子我们的重点将是随着时间的推移和各州不同的三套法律：1）电子验证任务，要求雇主在一个地区，以验证未来雇员的工作授权使用国家电子系统; 2）法律，规范非法移民获得驾驶执照;以及3）授权地方执法机构检查个人公民身份并启动驱逐程序的法律。这些法律可能会增加环境需求和/或减少无证移民及其家庭的应对资源，因此可能会加剧文化适应压力及其负面健康后果。我们使用16年（1998-2013年）的全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）数据来检验这一命题，NHIS是一项年度横断面家庭调查，采用了具有全国代表性的多阶段可能抽样设计。我们将测试一个给定的移民执法法的颁布是否会影响身体健康，心理健康，并获得医疗保健可能无证移民（通过代理措施确定）和他们的孩子。使用回归分析，我们将比较健康的地理和时间趋势之间的“治疗”人口的可能无证移民谁应该受到相关政策和“控制”人口的可比本土出生的白人之前和之后颁布的每项法律。此外，我们将评估当地同种族移民人口的规模是否会缓和可能的无证移民及其子女的政策健康关系，我们将探讨限制性移民法是否会对可能被视为无证移民的个人的健康产生意想不到的负面影响（例如，墨西哥裔美国人）。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project aims to understand how state and county immigration enforcement laws affect the health of undocumented immigrants (defined as individuals born outside the U.S. and not authorized to reside or work in the U.S.) and their children. Our focus will be on three sets of laws that vary over time and across states: 1) E- Verify mandates that require employers in an area to verify a prospective employee's work authorization using a national electronic system; 2) laws that regulate undocumented immigrants' access to driver's licenses; and, 3) laws that authorize local law enforcement agencies to check individuals' citizenship status and set in motion deportation proceedings. These laws are likely to increase environmental demands and/or reduce coping resources among undocumented immigrants and their families and therefore are likely to heighten acculturation stress and its negative health consequences. We test this proposition using 16 years of data (1998-2013) from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), an annual, cross-sectional household survey that adopts a nationally representative multistage probably sampling design. We will test whether the enactment of a given immigration enforcement law affects physical health, mental health, and access to health care for likely undocumented immigrants (identified through a proxy measure) and their children. Using regression analysis, we will compare geographic and temporal trends in health among a "treatment" population of likely undocumented immigrants who should be impacted by the relevant policies and a "control" population of comparable native-born whites before and after the enactment of each law. Additionally, we will assess whether the size of the local co-ethnic immigrant population moderates policy-health relationships for likely undocumented immigrants and their children, and we will explore whether restrictive immigration laws have unintended negative effects on the health of individuals who may be perceived to be undocumented immigrants (e.g., native-born Mexican Americans).