The STING pathway and cytosolic nucleic acid sensors in bone homeostasis
The STING pathway and cytosolic nucleic acid sensors in bone homeostasis
批准号:
9383723
负责人:
Ellen M Gravallese
金额:
$36.85万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-07-19 至 2022-05-31
关键词:
AIM2 geneAddressAge-Related Bone LossAgingApoptoticAutoimmune DiseasesAutoimmunityBacterial DNABacterial InfectionsBindingBiological AssayBone MarrowBone remodelingCASP1 geneCell LineageCellsChIP-seqComplexCyclic GMPCytosolDNADNA DamageDataDegradation PathwayDendritic CellsExhibitsFOS geneGene Expression ProfilingGenesGenomeGrantHistologyHomeostasisHuman GenomeIRF3 geneImmuneImmune responseImmune systemInfectionInflammasomeInterferon Type IInterferon-betaInterferonsInterleukin-1 betaInterleukin-18LigandsLinkMass Spectrum AnalysisMediator of activation proteinMusNucleic AcidsOrganismOsteoclastsOsteopeniaOxidesPathologicPathway interactionsPattern recognition receptorPhenotypeProcessProductionProteinsRegulationRegulatory ElementRetroelementsRoleSignal TransductionSourceStressStructure-Activity RelationshipTNFSF11 geneTestingTimeToll-like receptorsViralVirus Diseasesacid stressbonebone lossbone massbone turnovercell typecortical bonecytokineds-DNAgene inductionin vivoinsightmacrophagemicrobialmonocytemutantnano-stringnew therapeutic targetnovelosteoclastogenesisprecursor cellpreventreceptorsensorskeletalsubstantia spongiosatomography
中文摘要
项目摘要/摘要:
--
与生俱来的免疫系统传感器可以检测来自病毒感染的核酸和细菌感染的病毒,以清除病毒感染。
从应激或濒临死亡的细胞中识别内源性DNA(自身)受体。Toll样受体已经存在很长时间了。
人们一直被认为可以检测到核酸,而在细胞质中检测到的核酸,如S先生,直到最近才被检测出来。
发现了这一点。更重要的是,我们还发现了胞内DNA传感器和信号通路的激活机制,以进一步促进细菌的生长。
自身免疫性疾病。细胞内DNA的内源性来源不能激活这些信号通路,包括信号通路。
随着年龄的增长,DNA会被氧化、破坏,这些DNA可以逃脱降解,以及从DNA中提取。
从人类基因组中的内源性逆转录元件的复制过程中,尽管基因的重要性越来越大。
胞质中的DNA是DNA传感器的信号通路,但人们对它们在巨噬细胞以外的其他细胞类型中的作用知之甚少。
树突状细胞。我们现在可以证明,在可能发生的骨肿瘤中,这些途径在其中起着重要的作用。
提供对随着年龄增长而发生的骨丢失以及某些自身免疫性疾病的发生的洞察力。
细胞内的干扰素DNA传感器可以通过一种与内质网相关的干扰素基因刺激物(STING),向细胞发出信号。
其中最重要的是GMP-AMP合成酶(CGAS)的循环激活。结果表明,cGAS是最重要的激活机制。
产生I型干扰素和其他细胞介体的细胞DNA传感器AIM2不能发出信号。
通过这种方式,我们不是在协调一个炎症体复合体的组装过程,而是将其协调起来,从而导致了问题的发生。
IL-1β通路和IL-18通路的激活。我们将证明,激活的信号通路和AIM2通路可以进行不同的调控。
骨:刺痛和缺陷小鼠可能会发展为一种新的骨量减少的表型,这意味着刺痛是一种新的保护性免疫途径。
对于两个州的骨骼来说,DNA的缺失可能会挑战病毒感染和细菌感染等挑战,而AIM2的缺失则会带来挑战。
增加皮质骨和松质骨的骨量。我们提出的假设是,刺痛的细胞和AIM2的信号通路被破坏。
通过一种不同的监管机制,差异化地监管中国银行业的差异化/职能分化。我们将以第一个目标为目标。
确定在破骨细胞分化和分化过程中,抑制破骨细胞分化的信号通路在细胞内的内在作用
I型干扰素的主要作用和下游的监管因素在这一过程中发挥了重要作用。在我们的目标2中,我们将不会测试。
假说认为,胞质DNA通过刺激信号通路、信号和信号来调节骨骼的动态平衡。
确定最关键的DNA生物传感器cGAS在全球监管体系中的具体作用。
破骨细胞的发生。AIM-3将决定AIM2-炎症小体在调节OOC中的重要作用。
差异化/功能测试和测试将进一步定义AIM2测试和测试路径之间的相互作用。
该提案解决了一个全新的假说,即细胞内DNA传感器和它们的主要配体共同调节。
骨重建的目的是为了更好地定义发生这种情况的两条不同的骨途径。生成的数据应该包括。
提供新的治疗靶点,为老年人在衰老过程中防止病理性骨骼重构和骨重建提供新的靶点。
自身免疫力。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT
Innate immune sensors detect nucleic acid from viral and bacterial infections to clear infection, and also
recognize endogenous (self) nucleic acid from stressed or dying cells. Toll-like receptors have long
been known to detect nucleic acid, while nucleic acid s ensors within the cytosol have only recently been
discovered. Importantly, activation of cytosolic DNA sensor pathways has been shown to promote
autoimmune disease. Endogenous sources of DNA within cells can activate these pathways, including
oxidized, “damaged” DNA that accrues with aging and can escape degradation, as well as DNA derived
from replication of endogenous retroelements within the human genome. Despite the importance of the
cytosolic DNA sensor pathways, little is known about their role in cell types other than macrophages and
dendritic cells. We now demonstrate an important role for these pathways in bone that may
provide insight into the bone loss occurring with aging and in certain autoimmune diseases. Several
cytosolic DNA sensors signal through an ER-associated protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING),
the most important of which is cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). Activation of STING results in the
production of type I interferons and other mediators. The cytosolic DNA sensor AIM2 does not signal
through STING, but instead coordinates the assembly of an inflammasome complex, resulting in the
activation of IL-1β and IL-18. We demonstrate that the STING and AIM2 pathways differentially regulate
bone: STING deficient mice develop an osteopenic phenotype, implicating STING as a protective pathway
for bone during states of DNA challenge such as viral and bacterial infection, while AIM2 deficiency
enhances cortical and trabecular bone mass. We hypothesize that the STING and AIM2 pathways
differentially regulate OC differentiation/function through distinct mechanisms. In Aim 1 we will
determine the cell-intrinsic role of the STING pathway in the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and
the role of type I interferon and downstream regulatory elements in this process. In Aim 2 we will test the
hypothesis that cytosolic DNA regulates bone homeostasis through the STING pathway, and
determine the specific role of the critical DNA sensor cGAS upstream of STING in the regulation of
osteoclastogenesis. Aim 3 will determine the role of the AIM2 inflammasome in regulating OC
differentiation/function and will define interactions between the AIM2 and STING pathways. This
proposal addresses the entirely novel hypothesis that cytosolic DNA sensors and their ligands regulate
bone remodeling and aims to define the distinct pathways by which this occurs. Data generated should
provide new therapeutic targets for the protection from pathologic bone remodeling in aging and
autoimmunity.
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