Advancing and calibrating anisotropic diffusion MR imaging brain connectome with Taxon brain network diffusion phantoms

该项目将提供第一个地面真实连接各向异性扩散体模来复制 使用轴突尺度扩散管和轨道250微米尺度束(束)的人白质 轴突)具有共同的路径。体模将推进磁共振扩散成像，提供准确的 校准、质量保证和研究进展。它利用了纺织工程的创新，3D 打印和计算机控制的连接路线，以复制人脑规模的白质组织， 允许使用数百万填充的5-12微米规模的纺织品复制实际的连接网络 管子。它将量化连接组解剖图谱的准确性，推动技术进步 扩散磁共振成像采集和纤维跟踪，并为临床和 MRI研究中心，以及基于解剖连接组的脑科学和 临床影像检查。我们将量化跟踪一组神经束的准确性，并 通过远距离(相对)复杂脑电地形图路径的交叉和一系列测试 MRI参考对象模体代表人体组织，用于校准测量。 第一阶段的工作将展示研究和校准实用的可行性， 创建了一系列新的各向异性扩散模型来量化连接布线精度。 我们将使用被称为Taxons的中空纺织品(人造纺织品，轴突形状，微米级的中空管) 复制生物学上已知的远距离轴突解剖路径。这将提供第一个 轴突内水的定量参考标准。这些幻影将包括水/D2O，Mn+ 掺杂或荧光染料填充的分类器提供1,000个点对点的制造的束状鳞片 已填满的64,000个分类单位。幻影将提供连通性几何图形的人工复制 相当于人类视觉系统的中尺度(眼睛对LGN，V1，V2，V4)的空间 拓扑匹配动物鳞片示踪研究。这将量化先进的扩散成像技术 序列可以遵循作为通道大小、交叉、扩散、数量和 分类单元的直径分布。具体目标是：1)开发一个多尺度制造的样机 用于脑网络的标准参考分类体模，以证明技术和经济可行性 校准和推进MRI研究；2)创建校准脑区/交叉MRI各向异性体模， 3)创建一个人体尺度的连接体模，将视觉系统眼睛中的复杂性映射到 层层的LGN。这些将用MRI(3T)和非MRI方法(光学和电子显微镜， 微型CT和纺织工业测量)。测试将在3T和7T MRI上进行(西门子、GE和 飞利浦)磁铁。

This project will provide the first ground truth connection anisotropic diffusion phantom to reproduce human white matter using axon scale diffusion tubes and track 250 micron scale fascicle (bundles of axons) with a common path. The phantom will advance MR diffusion imaging, providing accurate calibration, quality assurance, and research advancement. It utilizes innovations in textile engineering, 3D printing, and computer controlled connection routing to reproduce human brain scale white matter tissue, allowing for the reproduction of actual connective networks using millions of filled 5-12 micron scale textile tubes. It will quantify the accuracy of connectome anatomical mapping, drive technical advancement of diffusion MRI acquisition and fiber tracking, and provide ground truth measurement for clinical and research MRI centers, as well as quality assurance for anatomical connectome based brain scientific and clinical imaging. We will quantify the accuracy of following a set of neural fasciculi within tracts and through crossings in complex brain mapping paths over long distance (relative) and across a series of test MRI reference object phantoms representative of human tissue to calibrate measurement. The Phase I effort will be a demonstration of feasibility of research and calibration utility, creating a series of novel anisotropic diffusion phantoms to quantify connection routing accuracy. We will use hollow textiles called Taxons (manufactured textile, axon-shaped, micron scale hollow tubes) reproducing biologically known routes of long distance axonal anatomy. This will provide the first quantitative reference standard for intra-axonal water. These phantoms will include water/D2O, Mn+ doped, or fluorescent dye filled Taxons providing 1,000 point-to-point manufactured fasciculi scale tracts of 64,000 filled Taxons. The phantoms will provide manufactured reproduction of connectivity geometry comparable to the mesoscale of the human visual system (eye to LGN, to V1, to V2, V4) with spatial topology matching animal scale tracer studies. This will quantify how well advanced diffusion imaging sequences can follow the connectivity patterns as a function of tract size, crossing, spread, number and diameter distribution of Taxons. The Specific Aims are: 1) Develop a prototype multiscale manufactured standard reference taxon phantom for brain networks to demonstrate technical and economic feasibility to calibrate and advance MRI research; 2) Create a calibration brain tract/crossing MRI anisotropic phantom, and 3) Create a human scale connective phantom mapping the complexity in the visual system eye to layers of LGN. These will be tested with MRI (3T) and non-MRI methods (light and electron microscope, Micro CT, and textile industrial measurement). Testing will occur on 3T and 7T MRI (Siemens, GE, and Philips) magnets.