High-end X-ray Detector System for Femtosecond Crystallography

项目摘要/飞秒晶体学的抽象探测器 项目总结/摘要 该提案将使突破性的X射线自由电子激光（XFEL）应用于 通过为新的大分子提供最先进的检测器系统， 飞秒晶体学（MFX）光束线在直线加速器相干光源（LCLS）。 LCLS是世界上第一个XFEL和一个独特的设施在美国MFX开辟了能力， 有效地从辐射敏感和/或 具有挑战性的生物系统的微米级晶体，包括多蛋白质复合物， 膜蛋白如GPCR。这将使目前不可行的实验在 同步加速器 MFX还将提供比现有技术快两到三个数量级的时域访问。 利用同步加速器研究生化反应过程。这将使 辐射敏感金属酶活性催化精确结构的测定 在同步加速器中迅速遭受辐射损伤的部位。 LCLS的MFX仪器是LCLS套件中的最新仪器，也是第一个目的- 为了满足日益增长的科学需求和要求，它将从 在2016年7月进行用户实验，它将容纳一个专用的晶体学终端站， 能够进行高度自动化的基于测角仪和基于注射器的衍射实验。关键 将是一个大型探测器，能够从单个LCLS收集最大信息 脉搏了该探测器是使MFX光束线成为首要设施的最后一个缺失部分， 大气压结构生物学使用XFEL光束。 在此应用中，我们建议获取Rayonix MX340-HS-C2探测器， 帧速率与更大的动态范围和更大的面积比任何探测器目前可用 LCLS，并为直射光束提供中心孔。这些特性对于以下方面至关重要： 测量来自弱衍射晶体和/或来自具有非常大衍射强度的晶体的衍射数据 单位细胞，通常具有大分子复合物和膜蛋白的特征。 Rayonix检测器能够在全分辨率（7680 x7680）下以2.5帧/秒的速度运行 44 μm像素），或者可以将其合并以获得更快的速度（例如，50帧/秒，221 µm像素）。 这种数据收集速度将大大增加对LCLS有限资源的访问 生物医学研究的束流时间，并消除重要项目的束流时间限制。的 拟议的检测器将使MFX和LCLS的数据收集率大大提高50倍 为重要的生物医学应用增加了对射束时间的访问。 1

Project Summary/Abstract Detector for Femtosecond Crystallography Project Summary/Abstract This proposal will enable ground-breaking X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) applications in structural biology by providing a state-of-the-art detector system for the new Macromolecular Femtosecond Crystallography (MFX) beamline at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). LCLS is the world’s first XFEL and a unique facility in the U.S. MFX opens up the capability to efficiently collect unique and damage-free diffraction data from radiation-sensitive and/or micron-sized crystals of challenging biological systems, including multi-protein complexes and membrane proteins such as GPCRs. This will enable experiments currently not feasible at synchrotrons. MFX will also provide access to a time domain two-to-three orders of magnitude faster than accessible using synchrotrons to investigate biochemical reaction processes. This will enable the determination of catalytically accurate structures of radiation-sensitive metalloenzyme active sites that quickly undergo radiation-induced damage at synchrotrons. The MFX instrument at LCLS is the latest instrument in the LCLS suite and the first purpose- built beamline in response to a growing scientific need and demand. It will be available starting in July 2016 for user experiments and it will house a dedicated crystallography endstation capable of highly automated goniometer-based and injector-based diffraction experiments. Key will be a large detector capable of collecting the maximum information from a single LCLS pulse. This detector is the last missing piece to make the MFX beamline the premier facility for atmospheric pressure structural biology using XFEL beams. In this application, we propose acquiring a Rayonix MX340-HS-C2 detector that provides a fast frame-rate with a larger dynamic range and larger area than any detector currently available at LCLS, and provides a central hole for the direct beam. These features are essential for measuring diffraction data from weakly diffracting crystals and/or from crystals with very large unit cells, typically characteristic of large macromolecular complexes and membrane proteins. The Rayonix detector is capable of operating at 2.5 frames/second at full resolution (7680x7680 44 µm pixels) or it may be binned for faster speeds (e.g., 50 frames/second of 221 µm pixels). This speed of data collection will greatly increase access to the limited resource of LCLS beamtime for biomedical research and remove beamtime limitations for important projects. The proposed detector will increase the data collection rate at MFX and LCLS up to 50 fold, greatly increasing access to beamtime for important biomedical applications. 1