Understanding for Whom Family-Based Substance Use Prevention Programs Work Best: A Person-Centered Approach

项目摘要/摘要 青少年药物使用率(ASU)仍然处于有问题的水平1，尽管在以下方面进行了大量投资 实施循证预防计划，2，3具体普及以家庭为基础的ASU预防 程序。为了提高以家庭为基础的预防方案的效果，有必要更深层次地 了解差异化计划的有效性。传统的评估掩盖了数据的异质性 计划效果使那些受益可能低于以下情况的人难以提高计划有效性 其他4-8，而不是使用单个项目(例如性别)或累积指数(例如“家庭风险”)作为调节变量 在计划有效性方面，8，9申请人建议应用创新的以人为中心的方法10-12进行研究 通过根据家庭和个人级别的风险确定子组，以及 保护因素(RPFS)。这种方法将产生一种整体类型学，它解释了 不同的rpf，比累积指数更逼真地描绘了青少年的背景。类型学可以是 用于促进对ASU病因的理解以及不同的干预效果。建议进行的研究 将使用Prosper研究(R01 DA013709)的数据，这是一项大型社区随机试验， 后续数据，以审查以下三个目标：(1)确定共同发生的家庭一级和 个人级别的rPFS，(2)了解RPF配置文件如何随着时间的推移预测ASU，以及(3)确定 世卫组织加强家庭计划：为10-14岁的父母和青少年预防疟疾最有效 随着时间推移亚利桑那州立大学。 通过解决上述每个研究目标，拟议的研究将有助于获得以下知识 通过以下方式帮助项目开发人员和预防科学家更好地为更大规模的人群服务 差别化干预效果评价。在这项研究中获得的知识将使未来的研究 改善现有干预措施和开发新干预措施的项目，目标是最有希望的 针对特定子组的机制。为了更好地为从事ASU预防工作做准备 在研究方面，申请人还寻求额外的培训，以：(1)获得ASU病因学和ASU的作用方面的专业知识 RPFS在这一发展过程中的作用(2)加深对家庭生态干预效果的认识 和相关的ASU结果，(3)学习和应用先进的方法评估ASU的rPFS，(4) 加强稿件和批文写作技能，从事专业活动；(5)负责任 开展青少年药物使用预防研究。申请者的职业目标是从事 独立研究，目标是创新预防策略，更好地服务于所有计划 参与者要达到人群水平对青少年药物使用流行率的影响，因此 防止额外的负面下游后果。本论文的研究将为以后的研究奠定基础。 职业生涯研究计划，调查和实施ASU预防策略。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Rates of adolescent substance use (ASU) remain at problematic levels1 despite considerable investments in evidence-based prevention program implementation,2,3 specifically universal family-based ASU prevention programs. To enhance the effects of family-based prevention programs, it is necessary to have a deeper understanding of differential program effectiveness. Traditional assessments conceal the heterogeneity in program effects making it difficult to improve program effectiveness for those who may benefit less than others.4–8 Rather than using single items (e.g., gender) or cumulative indices (e.g., “family risk”) as moderators of program effectiveness,8,9 the applicant proposes to apply innovative person-centered methods10–12 to study differential program effects by identifying subgroups based on family-level and individual-level risk and protective factors (RPFs). This approach will yield a holistic typology that accounts for the co-occurrence of different RPFs, a more true-to-life depiction of adolescent context than cumulative indices. Typologies can be used to advance understanding in ASU etiology as well as differential intervention effects. The proposed study will use data from the PROSPER Study (R01 DA013709), a large, community randomized trial with longitudinal follow-up data to examine the following three aims: (1) To identify profiles of co-occurring family-level and individual-level RPFs, (2) To understand how RPF profiles predict ASU over time, and (3) To determine for whom the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth Ages 10-14 works best in the prevention of ASU over time. By addressing each of the above research aims, the proposed study will contribute to knowledge that will help program developers and prevention scientists better serve the larger population as a whole through evaluation of differential intervention effects. The knowledge gained in this study will allow future research projects to improve existing interventions, and develop new interventions, that target the most promising mechanisms for specific subgroups. To better prepare herself for a career conducting ASU prevention research, the applicant also seeks additional training to: (1) gain expertise on ASU etiology and the role of RPFs in this developmental process, (2) deepen understanding of intervention effects on the family ecology and the associated ASU outcomes, (3) learn and apply advanced methods for evaluating RPFs for ASU, (4) strengthen manuscript and grant writing skills and engage in professional activities, and (5) responsibly conduct research in adolescent substance use prevention. The applicant’s career goal is to conduct independent research with the objective of innovating preventive strategies to better serve all program participants to reach population-level effects on substance use prevalence rates in adolescents, and thus prevent additional negative downstream consequences. This dissertation research will lay the foundation for a career-long research program investigating and implementing ASU prevention strategies.