Using Adolescent Nonverbal Behavior to Predict Aggression Against Bullies and Bystanders

项目总结 与基于同伴的拒绝和欺凌有关的攻击性是造成伤害和心理痛苦的主要原因 在中学年龄的青少年中，并且在受到严厉父母教育的年轻人中发生的比例更高。传统-- 针对那些因严厉的父母教育而有可能实施攻击性行为的人的国家干预计划 只取得了有限的成功。这种不成功可能是因为攻击性是复杂的产物。 决策过程受当前注意力、觉醒和情感状态的影响。一种不同的 方法是在攻击发生之前通过在非语言指标发出改变的信号时进行调解来防止攻击发生 这些危急状态。建立这种以预防为基础的方法的关键第一步是隔离 能够可靠地预测高危青少年即将发生的攻击性的非语言行为。眼睛凝视，瞳孔 扩张和面部表情是强有力的非语言行为候选者，因为它们是公认的 注意力指数、唤醒指数和情感状态指数。目前的提案使用计算建模来测试 在生态有效的社会排斥范式中，这些非语言行为之间的预测性联系 随后在青少年(11-14岁；N=80)中表现出基于同伴的攻击性，表现为高和低 暴露在严酷的父母教育之下。这些成果将为我们的长期目标奠定基础，发展下一代- 在检测到其行为前兆的那一刻，旨在防止攻击的攻击干预。

PROJECT SUMMARY Aggression linked to peer-based rejection and bullying is a leading cause of injury and psychological distress among middle school-aged adolescents, and occurs at higher rates in youth exposed to harsh parenting. Tradi- tional intervention programs that target those at risk for perpetrating aggression due to harsh parenting have had only limited success. This lack of success may be due to the fact that aggression is the product of complex decision-making processes that are influenced by current states of attention, arousal, and affect. A different approach is to prevent aggression before it happens by interceding when nonverbal indices signal a shift in these critical states. An essential first step towards establishing this prevention-based approach is to isolate nonverbal behavior that reliably predicts forthcoming aggression in high-risk adolescents. Eye gaze, pupillary dilation, and facial expressions are strong nonverbal behavioral candidates given that they are well-established indices of attention, arousal, and affective states. The current proposal uses computational modeling to test the predictive link between these nonverbal behaviors elicited during an ecologically valid social rejection paradigm and subsequent expression of peer-based aggression in adolescents (11-14 years; N=80) with high and low exposure to harsh parenting. Results will lay the groundwork for our long-term objective, to develop next gen- eration interventions aimed at preventing aggression the moment its behavioral precursors are detected.