The role of substance use trajectory on the association between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence: a gene-environment study

项目摘要 这项研究的目的是了解物质使用(SU)从青春期到 成年，作为儿童期虐待和成年亲密伴侣暴力(IPV； 实施和成为受害者)。我们还考虑了基因-环境相互作用的可能性。 通过为SU创建多基因风险评分(PR)来确定发育途径。共现现象之间的相互作用 儿童时期受到虐待的暴露和SU的遗传风险没有得到充分的评估 青春期到成年期。此外，SU问题和儿童期虐待的历史都与 实施并成为暴力的受害者，特别是成年期间的亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)。 因此，SU的发展轨迹很可能是多个共生童年之间的中介 虐待暴露和IPV实施或受害。然而，这种关联也有可能 受SU病理遗传易感性的影响(例如，调节)。 本研究有几个实际意义。这项工作的一个关键的实际意义可能包括 基于虐待的SU和IPV高危和低危个体的有效识别 暴露和遗传风险。例如，特定虐待的某些组合可能 暴露，而不是遗传，可能是SU和IPV的关键风险因素。如果这是真的，那么干预 可以实施目标个体的行为(即SU和攻击性)。具体地说，对于具有 虐待暴露的组合使年轻人对苏来说最脆弱。改善的干预措施 在儿童时期的育儿实践和家庭功能，以减少虐待的暴露将会更多 有可能有效降低SU和IPV。此外，SU的发展也可以有针对性地打破 儿童期虐待和IPV之间的暴力。这项研究的基因发现有助于 通过证明对复杂公共卫生问题的生物学有更深的洞察力(即， SU)，提高SU治疗的疗效。

Project Abstract The objective of this research is to understand the development of substance use (SU) from adolescence to adulthood, as a mediator of the cycle of childhood maltreatment and adult intimate partner violence (IPV; perpetrating and being a victim). We also consider the potential for gene-environment interactions on this developmental pathway by creating polygenic risk scores (PRS) for SU. The interaction between co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and genetic risk for SU are not fully evaluated for SU development from adolescence to adulthood. Further, SU problems and history of childhood maltreatment are both linked to perpetrating and becoming victims of violence, particularly intimate partner violence (IPV) during adulthood. Thus, it is likely that the developmental trajectory of SU is a mediator between multiple co-occurring childhood maltreatment exposures and IPV perpetration or victimization. However, it is also possible that this association is influenced (e.g., moderated) by genetic predispositions for SU pathology. The present study has several practical implications. A key practical implication of this work could include efficient identification of individuals at higher and lower risk of SU and IPV based on their maltreatment exposure and genetic risk. For example, it is possible that certain combinations of specific maltreatment exposures, but not genetics, could be key risk factors for SU and IPV. If this is true, then interventions that target individuals’ behavior (i.e. SU and aggression) could be implemented. Specifically, for sub-groups with combination of maltreatment exposure that make youth most vulnerable for SU. Interventions that improve parenting practices and family functioning during childhood to reduce maltreatment exposure would be more likely to effectively reduce SU and IPV. Moreover, SU development could also be targeted to break the cycle of violence between childhood maltreatment and IPV. The genetic findings from this research contribute to the field of genetic epidemiology by proving greater insight into the biology of a complex public health problem (i.e. SU) and improve the efficacy of SU treatments.