20/21 ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECT SITE AT VCU

摘要 神经成像扩大了我们对大脑发育的理解，从童年到成年早期。 青少年使用药物的趋势随着时间的推移发生了变化，但大麻、酒精和烟草的使用仍然存在 很普遍，通常从青少年时期开始，这时往往也会出现严重的精神健康问题。 尽管身体健康正处于一生的顶峰，但青少年新出现的担忧包括 抑郁、焦虑、社交孤立、自杀念头和过度使用屏幕媒体。在多大程度上 早期使用药物和其他环境暴露可能会使年轻人面临神经发育改变的风险 人们对不良后果仍知之甚少。 从ABCD研究联盟的21个地点招募了11,878名9-10岁儿童的不同样本，以及 根据RFA-DA-15-015，有554人被弗吉尼亚联邦大学(VCU)录取。所有参与者 接受了全面的基线评估，包括最先进的大脑成像，全面的 神经心理测试，生物检测，药物使用的仔细评估，心理健康，身体健康， 文化和环境，每两年进行一次移动监测。临时年度面谈和 一年两次的电话或移动应用评估提供行为、开发、 以及参与者负担最小的生活事件。密集努力留住绝大多数 到目前为止，参与者在青春期及以后的留存率非常高。 与科学界安全和私下共享的数据将使调查人员能够：(1)描述 在神经、认知、情绪和学习功能方面的个体发展轨迹，以及 影响因素；(2)制定脑健康发育的国家标准；(3)调查 基因和环境在发育中的相互作用；(4)检查体力活动、睡眠、屏幕 时间、运动损伤(包括创伤性脑损伤)和其他经历影响大脑发育；(5) 确定并复制影响精神病发病、病程和严重程度的因素；(6) 描述精神健康和物质使用之间的关系；以及(7)具体说明如何使用不同的 物质(如大麻、酒精、烟草、咖啡因)影响发育结果，以及神经如何， 认知、情感和环境因素影响物质使用风险。

Abstract Neuroimaging has expanded our understanding of brain development from childhood into early adulthood. Adolescent substance use trends have shifted over time, but use of cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco remain prevalent, typically starting during teenage years, when serious mental health conditions also tend to emerge. Although physical health is at its lifetime peak, emerging concerns for teens include increasing rates of depression, anxiety, social isolation, suicidal ideation, and excessive use of screen media. The extent to which early substance use and other environmental exposures may place youth at risk for altered neurodevelopment and adverse outcomes remains poorly understood. A diverse sample of 11,878 9-10 year olds was enrolled from 21 sites across the ABCD Study consortium, and 554 were enrolled at Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), under RFA-DA-15-015. All participants underwent a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, bioassays, careful assessment of substance use, mental health, physical health, culture and environment, and mobile monitoring every 2 years. Interim in-person annual interviews and biannual telephone or mobile app assessments provide refined temporal resolution of behaviors, development, and life events with minimal participant burden. Intensive efforts are made to retain the vast majority of participants through adolescence and beyond and retention rates thus far are very high. Data, securely and privately shared with the scientific community, will enable investigators to: (1) describe individual developmental trajectories in terms of neural, cognitive, emotional, and academic functioning, and influencing factors; (2) develop national standards of healthy brain development; (3) investigate the roles and interaction of genes and the environment on development; (4) examine how physical activity, sleep, screen time, sports injuries (including traumatic brain injuries), and other experiences affect brain development; (5) determine and replicate factors that influence the onset, course, and severity of mental illnesses; (6) characterize the relationship between mental health and substance use; and (7) specify how use of different substances (e.g., cannabis, alcohol, tobacco, caffeine) affects developmental outcomes, and how neural, cognitive, emotional, and environmental factors influence substance use risk.