Integrating Electromagnetic Multifocal Brain Stimulation and Recording Technologies

项目摘要 人们对使用非侵入性电磁刺激进行治疗越来越感兴趣。 干预措施以及对健康人脑功能的了解。大多数行业- 选择性方案包括刺激单个目标/焦点区域。然而，越来越多的证据表明， 广泛的神经元处理任务依赖于大规模网络及其同步，建议。 推测多焦刺激将是增强神经调节的一种特别有前途的途径- 传输协议。需要测量大脑网络对刺激的反应才能量化 因此，这些影响和同时进行的脑成像方法是必要的。为此，双方 之前已经使用过脑电和功能磁共振成像技术。我们认为，最大限度地发挥 多焦扫描刺激是刺激和成像记录的集成，因为它使 对大脑反应的在线分析，还允许开发闭环系统范例。在这 TRD，我们利用我们在电磁脑刺激、成像和计算方面的独特专业知识- 传统建模为科学界提供了一套工具，以促进整合和应用 多焦脑成像和刺激的应用。自然，单通道刺激系统 用户也将从开发的方法中受益。在目标1中，我们将优化解剖和 功能磁共振成像采集协议，使我们能够使用我们最近发布的快速和准确的TMS- 采用感应电场(电场)建模方法进行计算打靶。在目标2中， 我们将开发软件(MNE-TMS)，在刺激和记录设备之间提供接口 能够使用我们的MNE-CPP平台实时分析诱导激活并控制 刺激装置。在目标3中，我们将结合神经元元素的几何关系- 需要确定与激励电场有关的分量以理解在 介观和微观层面。特别是，我们将把以前发布的方法扩展到 当白质束离开/进入皮质地幔时，允许使用OF精确重建 1 mm的体内分辨率。我们将结合皮质表面几何重建来模拟 电场对各种神经元成分的影响将使我们能够预测 刺激以参与不同的激活机制/途径。

Project Summary There is an increasing interest in the use of non-invasive electromagnetic stimulation for therapeutic interventions as well as understanding of the functioning of the healthy human brain. Most of the tradi- tional protocols involve stimulation of a single target/focus region. However, evidence is mounting that a wide range of neuronal processing tasks rely on large-scale networks and their synchronization, sug- gesting that multi-focal stimulation would be a particularly promising avenue for enhanced neuromodu- lation protocols. Measuring the response of the brain networks to the stimulation is needed to quantify the effects and therefore concurrent brain mapping methodologies are necessary. To this end, both EEG and fMRI have been employed previously. We consider that the key to maximizing the potential of multi-focal scanning stimulation is the integration of the stimulation and imaging recording as it enables on-line analysis of the brain responses and also allows closed-loop paradigms to be developed. In this TRD, we leverage on our unique expertise in electromagnetic brain stimulation, imaging, and computa- tional modeling to provide a set of tools for the scientific community to promote the integration and ap- plication of multifocal brain imaging and stimulation. Naturally, the single-channel stimulation system users will benefit from the developed methods as well. In Aim 1, we will optimize the anatomical and functional MRI acquisition protocols to enable employing our recently published fast and accurate TMS- induced electric field (E-field) modeling approach to be adopted to computational targeting. In Aim 2, we will develop software (MNE-TMS), with an interface between the stimulation and recording devices that enable real-time analysis of the induced activations using our MNE-CPP platform and control of the stimulating devices. In Aim 3, we will incorporate the geometrical relationships of the neuronal ele- ments with respect to the stimulating E-fields need to be determined to understand the activations at mesoscopic and microscopic levels. In particular, we will extend our previously published methods to allow accurate reconstructions of the white matter bundles as they exit/enter the cortical mantle with of 1 mm resolution in vivo. We will couple the cortical surface geometry reconstructions to simulate the effects of the E-field on various neuronal elements that will allow us predicting the likelihood of the stimulus to engage different activation mechanisms/pathways.