Exposures, Health Impacts, and Risk for Mine Waste Contamination

项目总结(总体核心：迈尔、张) 亚利桑那大学超级基金研究计划(UA SRP)解决了独特的人类健康风险 在美国西南部遇到了，这是一个有着丰富采矿历史和未来的地区。西南地区有截然不同的 影响人类健康和污染暴露的地质和气候属性。西南地区的地下水 矿藏丰富的地区通常砷水平较高，导致接触饮用水。 接触还可通过吸入和摄入采矿产生的含砷粉尘而发生。 场地延伸到住宅内部和外部环境。重要的是，接触砷与 糖尿病的发展。居住在矿场附近的弱势群体，包括美洲原住民和 在西班牙裔社区，糖尿病发病率有所增加。我们的目标是确定慢性接触 开采含砷废物会导致糖尿病的发生。然后我们将使用此信息 帮助预测暴露和相关的健康后果，并为公共卫生预防战略提供信息 在与矿山废弃地相邻的社区。为了实现这一目标，我们有五个研究项目和四个 核心将：1)表征受采矿影响地区的长期矿山废物砷暴露如何与 通过Nrf2信号调节的糖尿病结局；2)决定肠道微生物群和采矿的方式 废弃矿物性质影响砷的形态转化、生物有效性和毒性；3)调查 盖材质量对矿山废弃地植被强化盖植成败的影响 补救技术；4)采矿废物污染物的模型暴露，考虑到社会人口统计， 了解推动糖尿病发病的风险因素；5)减轻暴露于 通过与利益攸关方(包括监管机构、采矿业和 受影响社区；6)作为与以下方面有关的人类和环境健康问题的全球资源 金属开采；以及培训和毕业专业人员，他们有能力应对复杂的21世纪 环境危险废物问题(目标7)。UA SRP工作的预期结果是可衡量的 糖尿病(和其他疾病)在采矿社区甚至更远的地方的减少。

PROJECT SUMMARY (Overall Core: Maier and Zhang) The University of Arizona Superfund Research program (UA SRP) addresses the unique human health risks encountered in the US Southwest, an area with a rich history and future of mining. The Southwest has distinct geologic and climatic attributes that affect human health and exposures to pollution. Groundwater in Southwest regions with rich ore deposits often has elevated arsenic levels, leading to exposure from drinking water. Exposure also occurs by inhalation and ingestion of arsenic-associated mining dusts transported from mining sites into the interior of homes and to exterior environments. Importantly, arsenic exposure has been linked to the development of diabetes. Vulnerable populations residing near mining sites, including Native Americans and Hispanic communities, exhibit increased incidence of diabetes. Our goal is to determine how chronic exposure to mine wastes that contain arsenic contributes to the development of diabetes. We will then use this information to help predict exposures and associated health outcomes as well as to inform public health prevention strategies in communities that neighbor mine waste sites. To achieve this goal, we have five research projects and four cores that will: 1) characterize how chronic mine waste arsenic exposure in mining impacted areas is linked to diabetogenic outcomes through mediation of Nrf2 signaling; 2) determine how the gut microbiome and mining waste mineral properties influence arsenic species transformation, bioavailability, and toxicity; 3) investigate the influence of capping material quality on success of mine waste revegetation to enhance cap and plant remediation technology; 4) model exposures to mining waste contaminants, accounting for socio-demographics, to understand risk factors that drive development of diabetes; 5) mitigate the human impacts of exposure to mining waste through effective interaction with stakeholders including regulators, the mining industry, and affected communities; 6) serve as a global resource for human and environmental health issues associated with metal mining; and 7) train and graduate professionals who are equipped to address complex 21st century environmental hazardous waste problems (Aim 7). The expected outcome of this UA SRP effort is a measurable reduction in diabetes (and other diseases) in mining communities and perhaps beyond.