Hazardous Waste Risk and Remediation in the US Southwest

美国西南部的危险废物风险及补救措施

• 批准号: 9303640
• 负责人: Raina M Maier
• 金额: $ 1.07万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9303640
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Animal Model; Area; Arizona; Arsenic; Biological Models; Biological Preservation; Breathing; Cells; Collection; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Disadvantaged; Dust; Ecosystem; Effectiveness; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Environmental Wind; Epigenetic Process; Epithelial; Food; Goals; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste; Health; Health Services; Human; Human Resources; In Vitro; Industry; Ingestion; Institutes; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Mesenchymal; Metabolic; Metals; Minerals; Mining; Mission; Modeling; Movement; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Neonatal; Particulate; Process; Program Research Project Grants; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Assessment; Science; Site; Soil; Source; Southwestern United States; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Time; Toxic effect; Training; Translational Research; Translations; United States; Universities; Water; Weather; Work; attenuation; climate change; contaminant transport; cost effective; evidence base; experience; exposed human population; exposure route; improved; in vivo; innovation; metal poisoning; metaplastic cell transformation; migration; mouse model; pollutant; programs; remediation; role model; success; superfund site; toxicant; wasting

The University of Arizona Superfund Research Program (UA SRP) is investigating the human and environmental risks associated with metal (hardrock) mining in arid environments and developing innovative remediation technologies to limit these risks. There is currently a large knowledge gap regarding mine waste systems in relation to human and environmental health despite the fact that the hardrock mining industry is the largest industrial polluter in the United States and many mining sites have become listed as Superfund sites. Pollutants of concern include arsenic, lead, and many other metals as well as very fine particulates (dusts) that can exacerbate existing health conditions. A majority of hardrock mining takes place in the western United States and other arid and semi-arid parts of the world. A central challenge for arid environments is that exposure routes and the fate of pollutants are different than for areas that receive more rainfall. For example, the wind-borne movement of pollutants associated with dust particulates is much more significant in arid environments. As a result, inhalation and ingestion of dust becomes an important route of exposure. The UA SRP has two biomedical projects that center around defining health impacts of the metal toxicants in mine waste with a focus on arsenic and its effects on cellular energy metabolism and on epithelial to mesenchymal transition in adult primary culture and adult and neonatal mouse model systems. The three environmental projects are focused on characterizing the surface (dust) and subsurface (water) transport and fate of metals associated with mining waste before and after remediation. Information obtained will be used to build conceptual and quantitative models that describe mechanisms of metal toxicity as well as the off-site transport of metal contaminants. These models will contribute to: 1) providing critical information on how arsenic, one of the most prevalent toxicants in mine waste, exerts its effects; and 2) evaluating the effectiveness of surface and subsurface remediation technologies on reducing contaminant transport into surrounding communities and ecosystems. UA SRP researchers work seamlessly with our Research Translation, Community Engagement, and Training Cores to support the dynamic translation of our research to communities adjacent to Superfund sites, federal (EPA, ATSDR) and state (AZ Dept. Environmental Quality, AZ Dept. Health Services) stakeholders, and the mining industry. To further our impact we will continue to develop complementary initiatives, such as the Center for Environmentally Sustainable Mining, an industry-academic cooperative that is allowing us to move research results into the field in real-time. The guiding principle for the UA SRP is to produce innovative research that can advance fundamental science while also contributing to change in industry-wide practices used in mining to improve environment/ecosystem preservation and protection of human health.

亚利桑那大学超级基金研究计划（UA SRP）正在调查人类和环境风险 在干旱环境中与金属（硬石）采矿相关，并开发创新的补救技术以限制 这些风险。目前，关于矿废物系统与人类和人类有关的知识差距很大 环境健康，尽管Hardrock采矿业是美国最大的工业污染者 许多采矿地点已被列为超级基金网站。关注的污染物包括砷，铅和许多 其他金属以及非常细的颗粒物（灰尘）会加剧现有的健康状况。大多数Hardrock 采矿发生在美国西部以及世界其他干旱和半干旱地区。一个核心挑战 干旱的环境是，污染物的曝光路线和命运与接收更多降雨的区域不同。 例如，与灰尘颗粒相关的污染物的风传播运动在干旱中更为重要 环境。结果，吸入和摄入灰尘成为重要的暴露途径。 UA SRP有两个 生物医学项目围绕定义矿物质中的金属有毒物质的健康影响，重点是 砷及其对成人原发性培养的细胞能量代谢和间质转变的影响 以及成人和新生小鼠模型系统。这三个环境项目的重点是表征 表面（灰尘）和地下（水）运输和与采矿废物相关的金属的命运和之后 修复。获得的信息将用于构建描述机制的概念和定量模型 金属毒性以及金属污染物的现场运输。这些模型将有助于：1）提供关键 有关矿石废物中最普遍的有毒物质之一砷如何发挥其影响的信息； 2）评估 表面和地下修复技术对将污染物传输减少到周围的有效性 社区和生态系统。 UA SRP研究人员与我们的研究翻译，社区无缝合作 参与和培训核心，以支持我们研究向与与之相邻的社区的动态翻译 超级基金网站，联邦（EPA，ATSDR）和州（AZ Dept.环境质量，AZ Dept. Health Services） 利益相关者和采矿业。为了进一步影响我们的影响，我们将继续制定互补举措，例如 作为环境可持续采矿中心，这是一种行业学术合作社，使我们能够搬家 实时研究该领域的结果。 UA SRP的指导原则是进行创新的研究 高级基础科学，同时还为改进采矿的行业范围改变做出了贡献 环境/生态系统保护和保护人类健康。