Online Racism and Mental Health Symptomatology Among Black Adolescents: A Longitudinal Examination

项目摘要 黑人青少年不成比例地报告了严重的心理困扰，包括， 抑郁症24和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）29种症状， 18因此，确定和审查的前身， 黑人青少年的心理困扰是一个迫切需要。39网上种族主义（例如，种族主义通过 媒体和在线平台）日益成为公共卫生问题，最近的研究表明， 近50%的黑人在网上至少经历过一次种族歧视行为。 最常见的歧视行为是种族主义图像或录像。 了解网络种族主义对黑人青少年心理困扰的后果， 方法上的局限性（1）纵向探索，（2）以人为本的方法，（3）建模 削弱文化进程。拟议研究的总体目标是通过以下方式解决这些局限性： 对网上种族主义曝光的纵向影响进行了系统的严格审查， 抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍症状，调查黑人青少年亚组在多大程度上不同， 网络种族主义曝光，以及种族保护和种族自豪感的文化进程在多大程度上发挥作用 面对网上种族主义曝光的保护因素。这一目标与NIMH翻译部一致 研究（DTR）的优先事项是了解童年时期不良经历的影响， 青少年对发展的影响，并确定干预可以产生最佳效果的时期。这些 目标将通过对两个不同数据集的二级数据分析来解决，包括自我认定的黑色 青少年（即，年龄10 - 19岁）：（1）国家关键数字素养调查（NSCDL），以调查目标1 目标2和（2）非裔美国青少年情绪调节灵活性研究（ERFAA）， 考察探索性目标。具体目标是：1）测试网络种族主义的异质性特征 2）调查在线种族主义暴露的纵向影响， 抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍的症状在黑人青少年，和3）检查的衰减效果， 种族保护和种族自豪感对网络种族主义暴露对抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍症状的影响。 预期的发现可以在这个关键的发展时期为心理健康研究提供信息，这是五个关键时期之一。 NIMH翻译研究部（DTR）目前的战略计划中概述的目标。此外，研究 在这个NRSA F31博士前奖学金申请概述和培训将装备我的技能， 支持需要追求一个成功的职业生涯作为一个独立的研究科学家提供我 了解黑人青少年在线体验和心理健康的相关理论模型 医学，能力的纵向和以人为本的方法，并进一步发展我的 科学写作，资助写作和演讲技巧。

PROJECT SUMMARY Black adolescents disproportionately report severe rates of psychological distress including, depression24 and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)29 symptoms stemming from experiencing racial trauma41 in comparison to other racial peers.18 Therefore, identification and examination of the antecedents of psychological distress among Black adolescents is a pressing need.39 Online racism (e.g., racism via the media and online platforms) is increasingly becoming a public health concern, with recent studies indicating that almost 50% of Black individuals have experienced at least one online racial discriminatory act during adolescence, and the most common discriminatory act being racist images or videos.50 However, our understanding of the consequences of online racism on psychological distress among Black adolescents have methodological limitations in (1) longitudinal explorations, (2) person-centered approaches, and (3) modeling of attenuating cultural processes. The overarching goal of the proposed study is to address those limitations by providing a methodically rigorous examination of the longitudinal effects of online racism exposure on depression and PTSD symptoms, investigating the extent to which subgroups of Black adolescents differ in online racism exposure, and the extent to which cultural processes of racial protection and racial pride serve as protective factors in the face of online racism exposure. This goal aligns with NIMH Divisional of Translation Research (DTR)’s priority of understanding the impact of adverse experiences during childhood and adolescence on development and identifying periods where intervention could have optimal effects. These aims will be addressed through secondary data analysis of two different dataset including self-identified Black adolescents (i.e., ages 10 -19): (1) National Survey of Critical Digital Literacy (NSCDL) to investigate Aim 1 and Aim 2 and (2) Emotion Regulatory Flexibility among African American Adolescents Study (ERFAA) to examine the exploratory aim. The specific aims are to 1) Test for heterogeneous profiles of online racism exposure among Black adolescents, 2) Investigate the longitudinal effects of online racism exposure on symptoms of depression and PTSD among Black adolescents, and 3) To examine the attenuating effects of racial protection and racial pride on the effects of online racism exposure on depression and PTSD symptoms. Anticipated findings can inform mental health research during this critical developmental period, one of five key goals outlined in NIMH Division of Translation Research (DTR)'s current strategic plan. Moreover, the research and training outlined in this NRSA F31 predoctoral fellowship application will equip me with the skills and support needed to pursue a successful career as an independent research scientist by providing me with knowledge of relevant theoretical models of Black adolescents’ online experiences and mental health symptomatology, competencies in longitudinal and person-centered approaches, and further develop my scientific writing, grant-writing, and presentation skills.