Genetic and Caregiving Effects on Disordered Attachment

描述(由申请人提供) 遗传和照看对依恋障碍的影响 最近的研究表明，儿童的行为问题和青少年的精神病理都可以通过婴儿期的无组织依恋行为来预测。在最近的研究中，无序的婴儿依恋行为与母亲照顾的各个方面进一步相关。匈牙利科学家Sasvari-Szekely和Gervai最近的两份报告也证明了与多巴胺D4受体基因(DRD4)多态有关的无组织依恋行为的遗传因素。由于动物模型已经记录了与人类精神病理学(HPA轴活动和生物胺功能)相关的神经生物系统的遗传和非遗传(照顾)贡献，现在需要人类研究来评估遗传和照料贡献在儿童和青少年精神病理学相关过程中的相对贡献。 这项研究的第一个目的是扩展美国国立卫生研究院授予的R01 MH 062030，青春期的精神病理学和控制行为的数据和方法，以包括非侵入性的遗传样本收集。这些样本将被分析，以确定DRD4和5-羟色胺转运体5-HTT风险等位基因对婴儿组织紊乱的贡献，以及在这项父母资助下正在研究的美国社会风险纵向队列中的相关精神病理学。 这项研究的第二个目的是将遗传学方法扩展到母亲照顾行为的研究中。已经为美国婴儿期样本收集的母亲行为评估也将为低风险布达佩斯婴儿-父母研究样本收集，并将在两个样本中评估DRD4和5-HTT候选基因对母亲恐惧、恐惧或其他非典型行为的贡献。 这项研究的第三个目的是评估美国纵向队列中母亲行为和婴儿组织紊乱的遗传和非遗传成分对后来的精神病理学的相对贡献的相加和交互统计模型。 父母资助方法的这种扩展应该大大有助于我们对最终导致精神病理学的长期发展轨迹的理解。为了实施预防或治疗计划，减少青少年的反社会行为和精神病理学，必须彻底了解这种行为随着时间的推移而发展的途径。 这项研究将主要在匈牙利布达佩斯的Sasvari-Szekely博士和Gervai博士的实验室进行，作为Lyons-Ruth博士美国资助的延伸，NIH R01 MH 062030。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Genetic and Caregiving Effects on Disordered Attachment Recent research has demonstrated that both childhood behavior problems and adolescent psychopathology are predicted by disorganized attachment behavior in infancy. Disorganized infant attachment behavior has been further related to aspects of maternal caregiving in recent studies. Two recent reports from Hungarian scientists Sasvari-Szekely and Gervai have also demonstrated a genetic contribution to disorganized attachment behavior related to polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4). Because animal models have documented both genetic and non-genetic (caregiving) contributions to neurobiologic systems related to human psychopathology (HPA axis activity and biogenic amine function), human studies are now needed that can evaluate relative contributions of both genetic and caregiving contributions to processes related to child and adolescent psychopathology. The first aim of this study is to extend the data and methods of NIH grant R01 MH 062030, Psychopathology and Controlling Behavior in Adolescence to include non-invasive collection of genetic samples. These samples will be analyzed for the contribution of both DRD4 and serotonin transporter 5-HTT risk alleles to infant disorganization and later related psychopathology in the U.S. socially at-risk longitudinal cohort being studied under this parent grant. The second aim of the study is to extend genetic methods to the study of maternal caregiving behavior. Maternal behavioral assessments already collected for the U.S. sample in infancy will also be collected for the low-risk Budapest Infant-Parent study sample, and the contribution of the DRD4 and 5-HTT candidate genes to maternal frightened, frightening, or other atypical behavior will be assessed in both samples. The third aim of this study is to evaluate additive and interactive statistical models of the relative contributions of genetic and nongenetic components of maternal behavior and infant disorganization to later psychopathology in the U.S. longitudinal cohort. This extension of the parent grant methodology should contribute substantially to our understanding of the long-term developmental trajectories that culminate in psychopathology. It is essential to seek a thorough understanding of the developmental pathways through which such behavior develops over time to implement prevention or treatment programs for reducing adolescent antisocial behavior and psychopathology. This research will be carried out primarily in Budapest, Hungary, at the laboratories of Drs. Sasvari-Szekely and Gervai as an extension of Dr. Lyons-Ruth's U.S. grant, NIH R01 MH 062030.