Disability, Perceived Overprotection, and Mental Health

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的长期目标是更好地了解22至64岁之间视障成年人的残疾、感知过度保护和心理健康之间的相互关系。超过1000万年龄在22岁至64岁之间的美国人报告说，即使使用矫正镜片，他们也有某种类型的视力问题，视力丧失与抑郁和焦虑等负面心理健康结果有关。感知到的过度保护，被定义为一种被照顾者不必要地帮助或过度限制的感觉，与中风和癌症患者的抑郁有关。此外，过度保护与年龄相关性视力丧失的老年人较低的幸福感和社会心理适应水平有关。这些研究使用了习得性无助理论的理论框架来解释过度保护和抑郁之间的联系。对老年人进行了大量的研究，但对年轻残疾人士（22岁至64岁）的过度保护与抑郁之间的关系仍未深入研究。此外，研究表明，慢性损伤的经历可能对年轻人的心理健康产生比老年人更不利的影响。因此，本研究的具体目的是：探讨残疾、感知过度保护与心理健康（抑郁和焦虑）之间的相互关系；并探讨年龄是否会调节功能残疾和感知过度保护对心理健康结果的影响。参与者将是100名年龄在22岁到64岁之间的成年人，他们是从一家社区康复机构招募的。本横断面研究的数据将通过电话访谈收集。回归分析将用于测试独立变量对心理健康的影响，并测试年龄是否会调节功能残疾和过度保护对心理健康结果的影响。这项研究的结果将有助于确定那些有精神健康问题风险的人，并设计干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long term goal of the proposed research is to better understand the interrelationship between disability, perceived overprotection, and mental health among visually impaired adults between the ages of 22 and 64 years. Over 10 million Americans between the ages of 22 and 64 report having some type of vision problem even when using corrective lenses and vision loss has been linked to negative mental health outcomes, such as depression and anxiety. Perceived overprotection, which is defined as a feeling of being unnecessarily helped or overly restricted by caregivers, is associated with depression in stroke and cancer patients. Moreover, overprotection is associated with lower levels of well-being and psychosocial adaptation in older adults with age-related vision loss. These studies have used the theoretical framework of the learned helplessness theory to explain the link between overprotection and depression. A fair amount of research has been conducted with older individuals, but the relationship between overprotection and depression in younger individuals (age 22 to 64) with a disability remains mostly unexplored. Moreover, research has shown that the experience of a chronic impairment may have a more adverse impact on the mental health of younger individuals than of older individuals. Therefore, the specific aims of this study are: [1] to explore the interrelationship between disability, perceived overprotection and mental health (depression and anxiety); and [2] to explore whether age moderates the effects of functional disability and perceived overprotection on mental health outcomes. Participants will be 100 adults ranging between the ages of 22 and 64, recruited from a community-based rehabilitation agency. Data for this cross-sectional study will be collected via telephone interviews. Regression analyses will be used to test the effects of independent variables on mental health and to test if age moderates the effects of functional disability and overprotection on mental health outcomes. Findings from this research will help to identify those who are at risk for mental health problems and to design interventions.