Overweight/Obesity and Smoking in Young Adult Female Twins

描述(由申请人提供)：这项建议的主要目标是从遗传学和流行病学角度研究年轻成年女性超重/肥胖史与吸烟之间的关系。吸烟和超重/肥胖本身就是心血管疾病的可遗传但可改变的危险因素，但两者在同一个体中的组合可以对发病率和死亡率风险产生协同效应。密苏里州青少年女性双胞胎研究(MOAFTS)的3787名欧洲/其他血统(EA)和非裔美国人(AA)成员的数据将用于解决三个目标。首先，将使用离散时间生存分析来研究超重/肥胖与年轻AA和EA女性吸烟开始和进展(首次使用、经常使用、依赖和戒烟)之间的关系，以确定相关的中介和/或调节因素，特别是儿童期性骚扰、早熟和严重抑郁症的病史。下一步，超重/肥胖与吸烟起始和进展之间的遗传和环境风险的相关性程度，以及超重/肥胖缓和吸烟起始和进展的遗传影响的可能性，将使用多变量双生模型技术进行评估。最后，将再次使用上述方法，从纵向角度研究超重/肥胖与吸烟开始和进展之间的关系，对基线评估时尚未开始定期吸烟的妇女进行调查。这项研究的结果将深入了解吸烟和超重/肥胖在年轻女性中共存的原因，并可能导致开发新的干预措施，以降低这些危险因素的患病率，并最终降低相关的发病率和死亡率。 与公共健康的相关性：国家心肺血液研究所加强肥胖研究智库已将“BMI或肥胖表型与不同种族之间的心血管和肺部疾病危险因素及事件的关系”列为主要研究建议。吸烟和肥胖都是心脏病的重要风险因素，两者结合在一起可能特别致命。因此，更好地了解吸烟和肥胖之间的关系是很重要的。确定共同的风险因素将有助于制定能够针对发病率和死亡率这两个重要风险因素的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this proposal is to examine the relationship between history of overweight/obesity and smoking in young adult women from genetic and epidemiologic perspectives. Smoking and overweight/obesity are heritable, but modifiable, risk factors for cardiovascular disease in their own rights, but the combination of the two in the same individual can have a synergistic effect on the risk of morbidity and mortality. Data from 3787 European/other Ancestry (EA) and African American (AA) members of the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS) will be used to address three aims. First, discrete time survival analysis will be used to examine the relationship between overweight/obesity and the initiation and progression of smoking (initial use, regular use, dependence and cessation) in young AA and EA women to identify relevant mediators and/or moderators, particularly history of childhood sexual molestation, early maturation and major depression. Next, the degree of correlation of genetic and environmental risk between overweight/obesity and smoking initiation and progression and the possibility that overweight/obesity moderates the genetic influences on smoking initiation and progression will be assessed using multivariate twin modeling techniques. Finally, the methods described above will be used again to examine the relationship between overweight/obesity and the initiation and progression of smoking from a longitudinal perspective in a sub sample of women who had not yet begun to smoke regularly at the baseline assessment. Results from this research will provide insight into the reasons for the co-occurrence of smoking and overweight/obesity in young women and could lead to the development of new interventions to reduce the prevalence of these risk factors and ultimately lead to a reduction in related morbidity and mortality. Relevance to Public Health: The Think Tank on Enhancing Obesity Research at the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute has listed the study of "the relationships between BMI or adiposity phenotypes and cardiovascular and pulmonary disease risk factors and events among ethnic groups" as a key research recommendation. Smoking and obesity are both important heart disease risk factors, and in combination they can be particularly deadly. Therefore, it is important to better understand the relationship between smoking and obesity. Identification of common risk factors will aid in the development of interventions that can target both of these important risk factors for morbidity and mortality.