INTEGRATIVE PATHWAYS TO HEALTH AND ILLNESS PROJECT 4: CONNECTING PSYCHOSOCIAL

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 该项目的目的是确定生物标志物，这些生物标志物单独或组合地与各种形式的生活挑战以及人们从青年到老年的心理和社会因素有关。 累积逆境与有限的补偿优势被假设为反映在多个生物指标失调。 相反，假设在面对生活挑战时保持高水平的福祉反映在多个系统高水平运作的生物指标中。 生物标志物数据收集将在3个综合临床研究中心（加州大学洛杉矶分校、威斯康星州大学和乔治城大学）对MIDUS人群的子样本（N=1350）和密尔沃基非裔美国人样本的子样本（N=200）进行。 生物标志物反映了下丘脑-垂体轴、自主神经系统、免疫系统、心血管系统和代谢过程的功能。 除了这些生物标志物的平均/静息水平外，实验室认知和直立性挑战研究还伴随着随时间推移的唾液皮质醇、心率变异性和血压动态的评估。 人际关系的质量、工作经验的结构和相关机会（或缺乏）职业发展，个人的目的和成长感，以及拥有（或缺乏）管理各种各样的和经常意想不到的生活挑战的有效策略都是与生物反应有关的现象，通常集中在一个，或最多两个，措施一次。 我们将单独评估多种生物标志物的反应之间的关联，并结合个体挑战和反映累积挑战和多种心理社会因素和健康特征的复杂特征。 关于心理社会和生物相互关系的证据的整合有助于理解与恢复力和维持高水平功能相关的因素。 反过来，这可以为未来多方面的健康促进计划提供更严格的基础，并促进对过去二十年来老年人残疾率显著下降的理解。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The purpose of this project is to identify biomarkers that are individually, and in combination, associated with diverse forms of life challenges and psychological and social factors characterizing persons from young adulthood into old age. Cumulative adversity with limited compensating advantages is hypothesized to be reflected in multiple biological indicators of dysregulation. Conversely, the maintenance of high levels of well-being in the face of life's challenges is hypothesized to be reflected in biological indicators of high levels of functioning across multiple systems. Biomarker data collection will be carried out at 3 General Clinical Research Centers (at UCLA, University of Wisconsin, and Georgetown University) on a sub-sample of the MIDUS population (N=1350) and on a sub-sample of the Milwaukee African-American sample (N=200). The biomarkers reflect functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, the autonomic nervous system, the immune system, cardiovascular system, and metabolic processes. In addition to average/resting levels of such biomarkers, a laboratory cognitive and orthostatic challenge study is accompanied by assessments of salivary cortisol over time, heart-rate variability, and blood pressure dynamics. The quality of interpersonal relationships, the structuring of work experience and associated opportunities (or the lack thereof) for career advancement, a personal sense of purpose and growth, and the possession (or lack thereof) of effective strategies for management of diverse and often unanticipated life challenges are all phenomena that have been associated with biological responses, usually focused on one, or at most two, measures at a time. We will assess associations between responses on multiple biomarkers individually, and in combination, with individual challenges and complex profiles reflecting cumulative challenges and a diversity of psychosocial factors and health characteristics. The integration of evidence about psychosocial and biological interrelationships facilitates understanding of the factors associated with resilience and the maintenance of high levels of functioning. This, in turn, can provide a more rigorous foundation for multi-faceted health promotion programs in the future and facilitate understanding of the pronounced declines in disability among the elderly that have been occurring over the past two decades.