Urban Adolescents Responses to Verbal Victimization: Does adjustment play a role?

描述（由申请人提供）：言语受害（W），包括言语威胁和戏弄，是青少年中常见的问题。青年人如何选择应对VV情况是由他们的社会信息处理（SIP）技能指导的。SIP模型描述了青年如何组织和决定对社会线索做出反应。根据这个模型，反应是在一系列心理步骤之后产生的，这些步骤包括编码和解释线索，选择目标，访问和构建反应，以及决定反应。青少年的SIP模式与适应的个体差异有关。适应不良（即攻击性或焦虑行为）与有偏见的SIP模式有关。有偏加工的特点是依赖内部结构化知识（图式）和排除来自直接社会背景的情境线索的推理，可以影响各种其他内部因素（即归因风格，自我效能），从而可以影响任何SIP步骤。然而，并不是所有的年轻人都表现出有偏见的SIP模式。了解4个亚组的青年（适应良好，被忽视，被动的受害者，侵略性的受害者）的过程中的社会刺激，并制定响应VV的干预措施，促进积极的青年发展具有重要意义。该项目使用ATSS，一种有声思维的方法，允许参与者报告他们的认知相关的情况，因为他们发生，研究SIP模式的差异，这四个群体之间的影响行为反应W的情况下，并确定的范围内的响应W制定的青年。该项目的目标将通过招募100名中学生来实现，作为正在进行的CDC资助的研究的一部分，在完成纸笔调整措施后参加ATSS对VV情况的评估。公共卫生相关性：这个项目的结果将有助于确定如何调整青年过程中的社会刺激和应对一个常见的青少年问题，VV。这些知识将告知干预措施的发展，这将增加学生对问题（即VV）做出亲社会反应的可能性，并降低他们做出积极或无效反应的可能性。因此，该项目的目标与预防科学领域目前对促进青年积极发展的关注是一致的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Verbal victimization (W), consisting of verbal threats and teasing, is a common problem among adolescents. How youth choose to respond to VV situations is guided by their social information-processing (SIP) skills. The SIP model describes how youth organize and decide to respond to social cues. According to this model, responses arise after a series of mental steps that include encoding and interpreting cues, selecting goals, accessing and constructing responses, and deciding on a response. Youth's SIP patterns are associated with individual differences in adjustment. Maladjustment (i.e. aggressive or anxious behavior) is associated with biased SIP patterns. Biased processing, characterized by a reliance on internal structured knowledge (schemas) and heuristics to the exclusion of situational cues from the immediate social context, can impact a variety of other internal factors (i.e. attribution style, self-efficacy), and thus can affect any SIP step. However, not all youth exhibit biased SIP patterns. Understanding how 4 subgroups of youth (well-adjusted, neglected, passive-victims, aggressive-victims) process social stimuli and enact responses to VV has important implications for interventions promoting positive youth development. This project uses ATSS, a think aloud approach that allows participants to report their cognitions related to a situation as they occur, to examine how SIP pattern differences among these four groups influence behavioral responses to W situations, and to identify the range of responses to W enacted by youth. The aims of this project will be achieved through the recruitment of 100 middle school students as part of an ongoing CDC-funded study to participate in ATSS assessments on VV situations after completing paper and pencil measures of adjustment. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results of this project will help identify how well-adjusted youth process social stimuli and respond to a common adolescent problem, VV. This knowledge will inform the development of interventions that will increase the likelihood that students will enact pro-social responses to problems (i.e. VV), and decrease the likelihood that they will enact aggressive or ineffective responses. Thus, the goals of this project are consistent with the current focus within the field of prevention science on the promotion of positive youth development.